Carotid stenosis refers to the narrowing of the carotid arteries, which are the major blood vessels that supply blood to the brain. When these arteries become narrowed due to plaque buildup, a stroke can occur.

A stroke happens when blood supply to the brain is restricted, resulting in brain damage or death.

Carotid artery disease, also known as carotid stenosis, is one of the leading causes of stroke in the United States. Fortunately, non-invasive carotid stenosis treatment options are available to reduce the risk of stroke and improve overall health.

What is Carotid Stenosis?

Carotid stenosis refers to a buildup of plaque inside the carotid arteries. Plaque is a combination of cholesterol, fat, calcium, and other substances found in the blood which can stick to the walls of arteries and harden over time.

This hardened plaque narrows the arteries, reducing blood flow to the brain.

If the carotid artery is blocked or severely narrowed, a stroke can occur. Depending on the severity of the blockage, a stroke caused by carotid stenosis can cause mild to severe disability or death.

What are the Symptoms of Carotid Stenosis?

In its early stages, carotid stenosis may not cause any symptoms. However, as the condition worsens, symptoms may include:.

Weakness on one side of the body
Numbness or tingling on one side of the body
Speech difficulties
Vision problems
Dizziness or loss of balance
Severe headache
Fainting

These symptoms can occur suddenly and may indicate a stroke. It is essential to seek medical attention immediately if you experience any of these symptoms.

How is Carotid Stenosis Diagnosed?

If you are experiencing symptoms of carotid stenosis, your physician may order diagnostic tests to assess the severity of the blockage. These tests may include:.

Carotid ultrasound: An imaging test that uses sound waves to produce images of the carotid arteries.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): A non-invasive imaging test that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the brain and carotid arteries.
Computed tomography (CT) scan: An imaging test that uses X-rays to produce detailed images of the brain and carotid arteries.
Angiography: A more invasive test that involves injecting contrast dye into the carotid artery and taking X-rays to visualize the artery.

Based on the results of these tests, your physician will determine the severity of the blockage and recommend the most appropriate course of treatment.

Non-Invasive Carotid Stenosis Treatment Options

Non-invasive treatment options for carotid stenosis may include lifestyle changes, medication, or surgery.

Your physician will assess the severity of the blockage and your overall health before recommending the most appropriate treatment option for you.

Lifestyle Changes

One of the most effective ways to reduce the risk of carotid stenosis is by making lifestyle changes. These changes may include:.

Eating a healthy diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol
Exercising regularly
Quitting smoking
Maintaining a healthy weight

These lifestyle changes can reduce the buildup of plaque in the arteries and improve overall cardiovascular health, reducing the risk of stroke.

Medication

Medications may be prescribed to manage the risk of stroke associated with carotid stenosis. These may include:.

Antiplatelet medications: Medications that reduce the ability of blood to clot, reducing the risk of a stroke from a blood clot.
Anticoagulants: Medications that prevent and treat blood clots.
Cholesterol-lowering medications: Medications that lower cholesterol levels, which can reduce the buildup of plaque in the arteries.

Your physician will evaluate your overall health before prescribing medications, as they can have potential side effects and may interact with other medications you may be taking.

Surgery

If the blockage in the carotid artery is severe, surgery may be required to reduce the risk of stroke. Surgery options for carotid stenosis may include:.

Carotid endarterectomy: A surgical procedure in which a surgeon removes the plaque from the carotid artery to improve blood flow to the brain.
Carotid angioplasty and stenting: A minimally invasive procedure in which a small mesh tube is inserted into the carotid artery to keep it open and improve blood flow to the brain.

Your physician will evaluate your overall health before recommending surgery options, as they can involve potential risks and complications.

Conclusion

Carotid stenosis is a serious condition that can lead to stroke, disability, and death. Fortunately, non-invasive treatment options are available to reduce the risk of stroke and improve overall health.

If you are experiencing symptoms of carotid stenosis, it is essential to seek medical attention immediately. Your physician can diagnose the severity of the blockage and recommend the most appropriate course of treatment for you.