Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common cancer worldwide among women, and it is also considered one of the most lethal forms of cancer.

In recent years, research has suggested that obesity may be a contributing factor to the development of ovarian cancer. This article will explore the link between obesity and ovarian cancer and discuss some preventative measures women can take to reduce their risk of developing this disease.

What is Ovarian Cancer?

Ovarian cancer is a type of cancer that forms in the ovaries, two small glands which produce eggs and hormones in women.

The symptoms of ovarian cancer can be vague and non-specific, including bloating, abdominal discomfort or swelling, and changes in bowel or bladder habits. As such, ovarian cancer can be difficult to detect early, which can often lead to a poor prognosis.

How Does Obesity Affect Ovarian Cancer?

In recent years, there has been a growing body of evidence suggesting that obesity may increase the risk of developing ovarian cancer.

A study published in the International Journal of Cancer found that being overweight or obese was associated with a 27% increased risk of developing ovarian cancer in women. Another study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that obesity was associated with a 31% increased risk of developing ovarian cancer in women aged 50 and over.

While the exact reasons why obesity may increase the risk of ovarian cancer are not yet clear, researchers suggest that the following factors may play a role:.

Higher Levels of Estrogen

Fat cells produce estrogen, a hormone that can promote the growth of ovarian cancer cells. As such, women who are obese tend to have higher levels of estrogen in their bodies, which may put them at greater risk of developing ovarian cancer.

Inflammation

Obesity is associated with higher levels of inflammation in the body, which can also increase the risk of developing ovarian cancer. Chronic inflammation can cause damage to cells and DNA, which can lead to the development of cancer.

Insulin Resistance

Obesity can also cause insulin resistance, which means that the body’s cells become less responsive to insulin.

This can result in higher levels of insulin in the body, which has been linked to an increased risk of several types of cancer, including ovarian cancer.

Preventing Ovarian Cancer

While there is no guaranteed way to prevent ovarian cancer, there are some steps women can take to reduce their risk of developing the disease:.

1. Maintain a Healthy Weight

Obesity is one of the most well-established risk factors for ovarian cancer. Women who maintain a healthy weight may be able to reduce their risk of developing ovarian cancer.

2. Eat a Healthy Diet

A healthy diet can help prevent obesity and reduce the risk of developing ovarian cancer. Women should aim to eat a diet that is rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.

3. Exercise Regularly

Regular exercise can help prevent obesity and reduce the risk of developing ovarian cancer. Women should aim to get at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity per week.

4. Know Your Family History

Women who have a family history of ovarian cancer may be at greater risk of developing the disease themselves. Women with a family history of ovarian cancer should speak to their doctor about screening and preventative measures.

5. Consider Birth Control

Oral contraceptives may reduce the risk of developing ovarian cancer. Women who are at high risk of developing ovarian cancer may wish to speak to their doctor about taking an oral contraceptive.

Conclusion

Ovarian cancer is a serious disease that affects many women worldwide. While the exact causes of the disease are not yet fully understood, there is growing evidence to suggest that obesity may be a contributing factor.

Women who maintain a healthy weight, eat a healthy diet, exercise regularly, know their family history, and consider birth control may be able to reduce their risk of developing ovarian cancer.