Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a condition where a person’s blood pressure drops suddenly when they stand up from a lying or sitting position. This drop in blood pressure can cause lightheadedness, dizziness, and even fainting.

OH is quite common, particularly in older adults. In fact, some studies suggest that as many as one in five people over the age of 65 experience OH.

While OH is often considered a minor inconvenience, researchers are increasingly recognizing it as a risk factor for more serious health problems, including stroke. In this article, we will take a closer look at OH and explore its connection to stroke.

What is Orthostatic Hypotension?

As mentioned, orthostatic hypotension is a condition where a person’s blood pressure drops when they stand up. Normally, when we stand up, our bodies work to maintain a fairly consistent blood pressure.

This is achieved through a combination of complex mechanisms, including the contraction of our blood vessels and the work of our heart and nervous system.

However, in some people, these mechanisms do not function properly, and blood pressure drops instead of rising. This drop in blood pressure can cause symptoms like dizziness, lightheadedness, and even fainting.

OH can be caused by a variety of factors, including low blood volume, certain medications, and underlying medical conditions. Age is also a risk factor for OH, as our bodies become less able to regulate blood pressure as we get older.

Why is Orthostatic Hypotension a Risk Factor for Stroke?

So, why might OH increase the risk of stroke? The answer lies in the fact that OH can cause a reduction in blood flow to the brain.

When blood pressure drops suddenly, the brain may not receive enough oxygen and nutrients, which can cause brain cells to begin to die. Over time, this can lead to changes in the brain that increase the risk of stroke.

Research has shown that individuals with OH are more likely to experience cognitive decline and dementia, both of which are risk factors for stroke.

Furthermore, a study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that individuals with OH had a significantly higher risk of stroke than those without the condition. This suggests that OH may indeed be an important and underrecognized risk factor for stroke.

Reducing the Risk of Stroke in Individuals with Orthostatic Hypotension

If you have OH, there are several steps you can take to reduce your risk of stroke. These include:.

Talking to your doctor about adjusting your medications, especially if you are taking drugs that can lower blood pressure
Maintaining a healthy diet and exercising regularly
Drinking plenty of fluids to maintain healthy blood volume
Avoiding alcohol and caffeine, which can contribute to dehydration and exacerbate OH

Conclusion

Orthostatic hypotension is a common and often overlooked condition that can increase the risk of stroke. By taking steps to manage OH and improve overall health, individuals can reduce their risk of stroke and other serious health problems.