Osteoporosis is a bone condition that causes bones to become weak and brittle, increasing the risk of fractures. It is often referred to as the “silent disease” because it has no symptoms until a bone is fractured or broken.

Understanding the key risk factors can help prevent or manage the disease.

Age and Gender

As we age, our bones naturally become weaker. This is particularly true for women who have gone through menopause, as the body stops producing as much estrogen, a hormone that helps protect bones.

Women over the age of 50 are at the greatest risk for osteoporosis.

Family History

Genetics play a role in bone density and the risk of osteoporosis. If someone in your family has or had osteoporosis, you are more likely to develop the disease.

Lifestyle Factors

Several lifestyle factors can increase the risk of osteoporosis:.

1. Lack of Exercise

Regular exercise, particularly weight-bearing exercises like walking, jogging and weight lifting, can help maintain bone density. Lack of exercise or being sedentary for long periods of time can increase the risk of osteoporosis.

2. Smoking

Smoking can interfere with the body’s ability to absorb calcium, a key nutrient for bone health. Smokers are also more likely to have lower bone density than non-smokers.

3. Excessive Alcohol Consumption

Regular, heavy alcohol consumption can interfere with the body’s ability to absorb calcium and other nutrients needed for bone health. It can also increase the risk of falls and accidents, further increasing the risk of fractures.

4. Poor Diet

A diet lacking in calcium, vitamin D and other key nutrients can weaken bones and increase the risk of osteoporosis.

Medical Conditions and Medications

Several medical conditions and medications can increase the risk of osteoporosis:.

Conditions that impact the production of hormones, such as thyroid problems or anorexia nervosa, can increase the risk of osteoporosis.

2. Long-term Medications

Long-term use of certain medications, such as corticosteroids or anti-seizure drugs, can weaken bones and increase the risk of osteoporosis.

3. Medical Procedures

Several medical procedures can increase the risk of osteoporosis, including removal of the ovaries or chemotherapy for cancer.

Prevention and Management

Prevention is key to managing osteoporosis. Key strategies include:.

1. Regular Exercise

Weight-bearing exercises, such as walking, jogging and weight lifting, help maintain bone density. Talk to your doctor to develop an exercise plan that works for you.

2. A Healthy Diet

Eating a diet rich in calcium, vitamin D and other key nutrients can help maintain bone density. Talk to your doctor or a registered dietitian to develop a healthy eating plan.

3. Quit Smoking and Limit Alcohol Consumption

Quitting smoking and limiting alcohol consumption can help protect bones and reduce the risk of osteoporosis.

4. Speak with Your Doctor About Medications

If you are taking medications that increase the risk of osteoporosis, talk to your doctor to see if there are alternative treatments or management strategies available.

5. Get Screened

If you are at risk for osteoporosis, your doctor may recommend a bone density scan to check your bone health. Early detection and treatment can help prevent fractures and manage the disease.