Peripheral artery disease is a type of circulatory disorder that occurs when the blood vessels outside of your heart become narrow, obstructed or damaged.

Commonly referred to as peripheral arterial disease, the condition most often affects the arteries in your legs, but can occasionally occur in your arms and other areas of your body. This condition is also often referred to as peripheral vascular disease (PVD) or arterial insufficiency.

Risk Factors for Developing Peripheral Artery Disease

While peripheral artery disease can happen to anyone, there are several specific risk factors that make certain individuals more likely to develop this condition:.

Age

The risk of developing PAD increases as you get older.

Smoking/Tobacco Use

Smoking and other forms of tobacco use significantly increase your risk of developing PAD. Nicotine and other chemicals in tobacco cause your blood vessels to constrict, increasing the likelihood of developing blockages.

High Blood Pressure

Uncontrolled high blood pressure over time can damage your arteries, increasing your risk of developing PAD.

High Cholesterol

Similar to high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels can cause damage to your arteries, leading to the formation of plaque and narrowing of your blood vessels.

Diabetes

Individuals with diabetes are at increased risk of developing peripheral artery disease. Diabetes can cause damage to your blood vessels as well as lead to nerve damage, reducing blood flow to your arms and legs.

Family History

Individuals with a family history of peripheral artery disease or other circulatory disorders are more likely to develop PAD themselves.

Sedentary Lifestyle

Lack of physical activity can contribute to development of PAD. Regular exercise can help improve blood flow and circulation, reducing the risk of PAD.

Symptom Manifestation of Peripheral Artery Disease

Peripheral artery disease symptoms may vary depending on the severity of the condition, including the location of the affected vessels and the underlying risk factors present. The following are some common symptoms of peripheral artery disease:.

Leg Pain

Pain or cramping in your legs while walking or climbing stairs that stops when you rest is a common symptom of PAD.

Change in Skin Color

Peripheral artery disease can cause a change in skin color in the affected area, causing skin to appear pale or bluish in color.

Open Sores

With advanced stages of PAD, open sores (known as ulcers) may appear on the the affected area of the legs or feet. In severe cases, the affected limb may develop gangrene (tissue death).

Weaker Pulse

Reduced blood flow to the arteries can cause a weaker pulse in the affected area.

Erectile Dysfunction (in men)

Peripheral artery disease can reduce blood flow to the penis, causing erectile dysfunction.

Conclusion

Peripheral artery disease can be a serious condition that can lead to severe complications if left untreated.

If you are experiencing any symptoms of PAD or have any risk factors for developing the condition, it is important to see a doctor for an evaluation. Your doctor can recommend lifestyle changes or prescribe medication as needed to help improve blood flow and manage symptoms. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent progress of PAD and reduce chances of complications.