Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of man-made chemicals that have been used in various industrial and commercial applications since the 1940s. They are highly fluorinated, which makes them resistant to heat, water, grease, and oil.

As a result, they are widely used in products such as non-stick cookware, stain-resistant fabrics, and firefighting foams.

How do PFAS get into our food?

PFAS can enter the food chain in a variety of ways. For example, they can be released into the environment through the manufacturing, use, and disposal of products that contain these chemicals.

Once in the environment, PFAS can contaminate soil, water, and crops. Animals can also be exposed to PFAS through contaminated food and water, and these chemicals can accumulate in their tissues. As a result, people can be exposed to PFAS by consuming contaminated food and water.

What are the health effects of PFAS?

PFAS have been linked to a variety of health effects, including:.

Developmental problems in fetuses and infants
Cancer (e.g., kidney and testicular cancer)
Liver and thyroid disease
Immune system problems
Low birth weight
High cholesterol

What foods are most likely to contain PFAS?

PFAS have been detected in a wide variety of foods, including:.

Seafood (e.g., fish, shellfish)
Meat (e.g., beef, pork, poultry)
Dairy products (e.g., milk, cheese, butter)
Baked goods (e.g., bread, pastries)
Processed foods (e.g., pizza, french fries)

PFAS can be found in these foods either because they were grown or raised in contaminated soil or water, or because they were processed or packaged with materials that contain PFAS.

How can you reduce your exposure to PFAS in food?

Although it is difficult to completely avoid exposure to PFAS, there are some steps you can take to reduce your risk:.

Choose fresh, whole foods instead of processed or packaged foods.
Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly before eating them.
Choose seafood that is low in mercury and other contaminants.
Avoid using non-stick cookware or cookware that has been scratched or damaged.
Avoid using stain- or water-repellent fabrics or products.

It is also important to note that some communities may have higher levels of PFAS in their drinking water, which can further increase exposure.

If you are concerned about your exposure to PFAS, you may wish to have your water tested by a certified laboratory.

The bottom line

PFAS are a group of man-made chemicals that can contaminate food and water. They have been linked to a variety of health effects, so it is important to reduce your exposure as much as possible.

By choosing fresh, whole foods and avoiding products that contain PFAS, you can help to protect yourself and your family.