Physical activity plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health and reducing the risk of various diseases, including cancer.

Scientific evidence has suggested that engaging in regular physical activity can have a significant effect on the risk of developing lung and bowel cancers. In this article, we will explore the relationship between physical activity and the risk of these two types of cancers.

Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide and is often associated with smoking. However, recent studies have shown that physical activity can also play a significant role in reducing the risk of lung cancer, even among smokers.

A study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that regular physical activity can lower the risk of lung cancer by up to 20%.

The researchers suggest that physical activity may help reduce lung cancer risk by improving lung function and capacity, enhancing the body’s immune response, and reducing inflammation in the lungs.

Another study published in the American Journal of Epidemiology analyzed data from more than 1 million adults and found that individuals who engaged in moderate to high levels of physical activity had a lower risk of lung cancer compared to those who had sedentary lifestyles. The researchers also noted that the reduction in lung cancer risk was more pronounced among current and former smokers.

Bowel Cancer

Bowel cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer globally. Several studies have suggested that physical activity can play a significant role in reducing the risk of bowel cancer.

A meta-analysis published in the British Journal of Cancer reviewed 52 studies and found that individuals who engaged in higher levels of physical activity had a 24% reduced risk of developing bowel cancer compared to those with lower levels of physical activity. The researchers speculate that increased physical activity may help regulate insulin levels, reduce inflammation in the colon, and improve bowel motility, thereby reducing the risk of cancer development.

Furthermore, a study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that individuals who engaged in regular physical activity had a 30-40% lower risk of developing colon cancer compared to those who were physically inactive.

The researchers also noted that the protective effect of physical activity was evident among both men and women.

The Mechanisms behind the Effect

The exact mechanisms through which physical activity reduces the risk of lung and bowel cancers are not fully understood. However, several factors have been proposed:.

1. Improved Immune Function

Physical activity has been shown to enhance immune function, which may help the body identify and destroy cancerous cells before they develop into tumors.

2. Hormonal Regulation

Physical activity has been found to regulate hormonal levels, including insulin and estrogen, both of which play a role in cancer development.

3. Reduction of Inflammation

Chronic inflammation has been linked to the development of several types of cancer. Regular physical activity has shown to reduce inflammation levels in the body, potentially reducing the risk of cancer.

4. Improved Gut Health

Physical activity may help promote a healthy gut microbiome, which is essential for maintaining a healthy digestive system and reducing the risk of bowel cancer.

Conclusion

Engaging in regular physical activity can significantly reduce the risk of lung and bowel cancers.

The evidence suggests that physical activity improves immune function, regulates hormonal levels, reduces inflammation, and promotes healthy gut microbiota, all of which contribute to decreased cancer risk. Incorporating exercise into daily routines can lead to better overall health and a reduced likelihood of developing these types of cancers.