Pregnancy is a period of anticipation and excitement, but it can also bring about some uncomfortable and embarrassing symptoms. One of the most common problems women experience during pregnancy is hemorrhoids.

Hemorrhoids are swollen, painful veins in the rectum and anus, and the increased pressure placed on the veins during pregnancy can cause them to flare up.

What Causes Hemorrhoids During Pregnancy?

Hemorrhoids are caused by increased pressure on the veins in the anus and rectum.

During pregnancy, the growing uterus puts pressure on the pelvic veins and the inferior vena cava, which is the large vein that carries blood back to the heart from the lower half of the body. Constipation and the straining associated with bowel movements can also increase pressure on the veins in the rectum and anus, leading to hemorrhoids.

What Are the Symptoms of Hemorrhoids During Pregnancy?

The symptoms of hemorrhoids during pregnancy can include:.

Pain or discomfort
Itching or irritation
Bleeding during bowel movements
A lump or swelling around the anus
Mucus discharge

How Are Hemorrhoids Diagnosed During Pregnancy?

If you experience any of the symptoms associated with hemorrhoids, your doctor will usually be able to diagnose the condition by performing a physical exam.

The doctor will look for any visible signs of hemorrhoids, and may insert a gloved finger into the anus to feel for any lumps or abnormalities. In some cases, your doctor may order additional testing, such as a colonoscopy, to rule out other conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease or colon cancer.

How Are Hemorrhoids Treated During Pregnancy?

The treatment for hemorrhoids during pregnancy will depend on the severity of your symptoms. If your hemorrhoids are minor, your doctor may recommend conservative measures such as:.

Increasing your fiber intake to keep your stools soft and prevent constipation
Drinking plenty of fluids to keep yourself hydrated
Avoiding sitting or standing for long periods of time
Taking warm sitz baths for up to 15 minutes at a time, several times a day

If your hemorrhoids are more severe, your doctor may recommend medication or other treatments such as:.

Over-the-counter creams or ointments designed to soothe and reduce inflammation
Prescription-strength creams or ointments
Stool softeners to prevent constipation and straining during bowel movements
In-office procedures such as rubber band ligation, where a small rubber band is placed around the base of the hemorrhoid to cut off its blood supply and cause it to shrink and fall off

How Can I Prevent Hemorrhoids During Pregnancy?

There are several steps you can take to reduce your risk of developing hemorrhoids during pregnancy:.

Eat a diet high in fiber to prevent constipation
Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated
Exercise regularly to promote healthy bowel function
Avoid sitting or standing for long periods of time
Avoid straining during bowel movements
Take warm sitz baths regularly to soothe any existing hemorrhoids and prevent new ones from developing

When Should I See a Doctor?

If you experience any symptoms associated with hemorrhoids during pregnancy, you should speak to your doctor. In most cases, hemorrhoids can be treated using conservative measures or medication.

However, in rare cases, hemorrhoids can lead to complications such as anemia or a blood clot. If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention immediately:.

Severe pain or discomfort
Bleeding that does not stop with home treatment
A lump or swelling that does not go away on its own
Fever or chills

Conclusion

Hemorrhoids are a common problem during pregnancy, but they can be managed using conservative measures or medication.

Speak to your doctor if you experience any symptoms associated with hemorrhoids, and take steps to reduce your risk of developing them in the first place.