Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men worldwide, with an estimated 1.3 million new cases diagnosed each year.

While there is no single cause of prostate cancer, lifestyle choices, including physical activity, can play a significant role in its development and progression. Studies suggest that men who engage in regular physical activity have a lower risk of developing prostate cancer and a reduced risk of dying from the disease.

Below, we explore the relationship between physical fitness and prostate cancer and discuss the benefits of exercise for those living with the disease.

Physical Activity and Prostate Cancer Risk

Several studies have linked physical activity to a reduced risk of prostate cancer.

In a meta-analysis of 43 studies including over 4 million participants, researchers found that engaging in regular physical activity was associated with a 10-30% lower risk of developing prostate cancer, depending on the intensity and duration of the activity. Another study showed that men who engaged in vigorous physical activity, such as running or fast cycling, had a 30% lower risk of advanced prostate cancer than those who engaged in little to no activity.

The exact mechanisms behind the link between physical activity and prostate cancer risk are not entirely understood, but some researchers believe that exercise may help reduce inflammation, improve immune function, and regulate sex hormone levels, all of which may play a role in prostate cancer development.

Physical Activity and Prostate Cancer Survival

For men living with prostate cancer, engaging in regular physical activity may improve their chances of survival.

In a study of over 10,000 men diagnosed with early-stage prostate cancer, those who engaged in moderate to vigorous physical activity for at least 3 hours per week had a 34% lower risk of prostate cancer-specific mortality than those who engaged in little to no activity. Another study found that men who engaged in regular exercise after prostate cancer treatment had a 40% reduced risk of cancer recurrence compared to those who did not exercise.

The benefits of physical activity for prostate cancer patients may be due in part to its effects on overall health and well-being.

Exercise has been shown to improve cardiovascular health, increase muscle strength and endurance, and reduce fatigue and depression, all of which may help improve quality and length of life for those living with prostate cancer.

The Role of Strength Training in Prostate Cancer Treatment

While aerobic exercise such as running or cycling can improve cardiovascular health and overall fitness, strength training may be particularly beneficial for men with prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer treatment, including surgery and radiation, can cause muscle weakness, fatigue, and other side effects that may impact daily life and overall health. Strength training can help improve muscle strength and endurance, reduce fatigue, and improve quality of life for those undergoing treatment for prostate cancer.

In one study, researchers found that men with prostate cancer who participated in a 12-week resistance training program experienced significant improvements in muscle strength, lean body mass, and physical functioning compared to those who did not participate in the program. Another study found that men who received chemotherapy for prostate cancer had better overall quality of life and reduced fatigue when participating in a strength training program compared to those who did not engage in the program.

Getting Started with Exercise

If you are living with prostate cancer, it is essential to talk to your healthcare team before starting or changing your exercise routine.

They can help you determine the best types and levels of activity based on your overall health and treatment plan.

For those who are new to exercise, it is essential to start slowly and gradually work up to higher levels of intensity or duration. Walking, swimming, cycling, and other low-impact activities may be a good place to start.

Strength training exercises, such as lifting light weights or using resistance bands, can also be beneficial but should be done with proper form and under the guidance of a trained professional.

Conclusion

Prostate cancer is a significant health challenge for men worldwide, but physical fitness can play a crucial role in reducing risk, improving outcomes, and enhancing overall quality of life.

Engaging in regular physical activity, including both aerobic exercise and strength training, can help reduce the risk of prostate cancer and improve survival for those living with the disease. With proper guidance and support from healthcare professionals, men with prostate cancer can incorporate exercise into their daily lives to achieve better health and well-being.