Lupus, also known as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects many different parts of the body. It occurs when the immune system attacks healthy tissue and organs.

The symptoms of lupus can vary from person to person and can range from mild to severe. In this article, we will discuss the clinical signs and symptoms of lupus in detail.

General Symptoms of Lupus

There are many general symptoms that people with lupus may experience. These symptoms can include:.

Fatigue
Fever
Weight loss or gain
A butterfly-shaped rash across the cheeks and nose
Sensitivity to sunlight
Hair loss
Mouth sores

If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to see a doctor as soon as possible to determine if you have lupus or another autoimmune disease.

Musculoskeletal Symptoms of Lupus

Musculoskeletal symptoms are very common in people with lupus. These symptoms can include:.

Joint pain and swelling
Stiffness, especially in the morning
Muscle pain and weakness

These symptoms can be a result of inflammation and can make it difficult to move around comfortably.

Cardiovascular Symptoms of Lupus

Lupus can also affect the cardiovascular system. Some cardiovascular symptoms of lupus can include:.

Chest pain
Shortness of breath
Palpitations (an irregular heartbeat)
Fluid buildup around the heart or lungs

If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to see a doctor right away as they can be life-threatening.

Renal Symptoms of Lupus

Lupus can also affect the kidneys. Some common renal symptoms of lupus can include:.

Proteinuria (the presence of excess protein in the urine)
Hematuria (the presence of blood in the urine)
Swelling of the hands, feet, and face
High blood pressure

These symptoms can indicate that the kidneys are not functioning properly and require medical attention.

Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Lupus

Lupus can also affect the nervous system. Some common neuropsychiatric symptoms of lupus can include:.

Anxiety
Depression
Cognitive dysfunction (difficulty thinking or remembering things)
Seizures

If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to see a doctor or mental health professional as soon as possible.

Hematologic Symptoms of Lupus

Lupus can also affect the blood. Some common hematologic symptoms of lupus can include:.

Anemia (a decrease in red blood cells)
Thrombocytopenia (a decrease in platelets)
Leukopenia (a decrease in white blood cells)

These symptoms can indicate that the body is having trouble producing enough blood cells and require medical attention.

Conclusion

Lupus is a complex disease that can affect many different parts of the body. The symptoms of lupus can vary from person to person and can range from mild to severe.

It is important to see a doctor if you experience any symptoms of lupus to determine if you have the disease and to receive appropriate medical treatment.