Colon cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. According to the American Cancer Society, in 2021, there will be 149,500 new cases of colorectal cancer in the United States alone, with 52,900 deaths.

While colon cancer has no one cause, certain lifestyle modifications can assist in reducing the risk of colon cancer. One of which is incorporating dairy products into your daily diet.

What is colon cancer?

Colorectal cancer, including colon and rectal cancer, is a type of cancer that typically begins as small, benign clumps of cells known as polyps. However, if left untreated, some polyps can become cancerous and spread to other parts of the body.

Colon and rectal cancer combined are the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in both men and women in the U.S.

How does dairy consumption reduce the risk of colon cancer?

There have been numerous studies conducted on the link between dietary intake and colon cancer risk, with some showing positive outcomes related to dairy consumption.

Dairy products are a rich source of calcium and vitamin D, both of which have numerous health benefits. However, the main reason why dairy products are believed to reduce colon cancer risk is through the presence of conjugated linoleic acid and butyrate in milk fat, which have been shown to have anticancer effects.

Calcium

Calcium is a vital mineral in the human body, contributing to many physiological processes such as nerve and muscle function. However, there is evidence to suggest that calcium can also reduce colon cancer risk.

Notably, a study conducted in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) showed that higher calcium intake was linked to a 30% decrease in colon cancer risk, with the beneficial effects on the colon evident in both men and women.

Vitamin D

Vitamin D is a nutrient that is synthesized by the body when the skin is exposed to sunlight. It is also present in some foods, such as oily fish and dairy. The vitamin is crucial for healthy bones and teeth, as it assists in the absorption of calcium.

However, various studies have suggested a link between vitamin D and colon cancer as well. One study found that higher vitamin D levels were correlated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer, with the relationship being particularly strong in women.

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)

Conjugated linoleic acid is a type of polyunsaturated fatty acid found in milk fat and meat products and is believed to have numerous health benefits. One of the significant benefits that have been found is its anticarcinogenic effects.

There has been evidence that CLA can reduce the risk of breast cancer, and there is also research to suggest it may have a similar impact on the colon. Studies have indicated that there is an inverse relation between CLA intake and the risk of colon cancer, implying that the more CLA you consume, the lower your colon cancer risk.

Butyrate

Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid that is produced in the colon through the fermentation of dietary fiber by gut bacteria. It is a significant energy source for colonocytes, the cells of the colon.

Butyrate also acts as an anti-inflammatory agent and is believed to reduce the risk of colon cancer. Studies have shown that butyrate can also promote the differentiation and death of cancer cells, which may be responsible for its anticancer effects.

Incorporating Dairy into your diet

If you’re considering adding dairy to your diet, it is best to choose low-fat options like skim milk, low-fat cheese, and yogurts. Doing so can assist in improving your overall health without affecting your cholesterol levels.

Additionally, the recommended amount of dairy intake varies depending on personal variables. However, the USDA recommends drinking three cups of low-fat or fat-free milk or yogurt per day. A glass of milk with breakfast and lunch, accompanied by a cup of yogurt as a snack, is a simple way to consume those recommended three cups of dairy daily.

Conclusion

While incorporating dairy into your daily diet is not a direct cure for colon cancer, it does show beneficial outcomes in reducing the risk of colon cancer development through numerous studies.

It is crucial to remember that while calcium and vitamin D are essential nutrients, consuming a well-balanced diet rich in other fruits and vegetables combined with a healthy lifestyle is crucial in reducing your overall risk of cancer development.