Scleroderma is a rare and incurable disease that affects the connective tissue of the body. It is characterized by the hardening and thickening of the skin and internal organs, as well as the narrowing of blood vessels.

There are many misconceptions surrounding scleroderma, so it is important to separate fact from fiction.

What Causes Scleroderma?

The exact cause of scleroderma is unknown, but researchers believe that it may be triggered by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Certain medications and radiation therapy have also been linked to scleroderma.

Who is Affected by Scleroderma?

Scleroderma affects women more frequently than men, and typically develops between the ages of 30 and 50. However, men and children can also develop the disease.

What are the Symptoms of Scleroderma?

The symptoms of scleroderma vary depending on the type and severity of the disease. The most common symptom is thickening and hardening of the skin, which can make movement difficult. Other symptoms include:.

Raynaud’s phenomenon
Swelling of the hands and feet
Joint pain and stiffness
Digestive problems
Shortness of breath
Reduced kidney function

What are the Types of Scleroderma?

There are two main types of scleroderma:.

Localized Scleroderma

Localized scleroderma only affects the skin and does not progress to other parts of the body. Symptoms include skin thickening and hardening, as well as skin discoloration.

Systemic Scleroderma

Systemic scleroderma affects the skin, organs, and blood vessels. It can be further divided into two categories:.

Limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis: affects the skin on the face, neck, arms, and legs, as well as the fingers and toes.
Diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis: affects the skin on the arms, legs, trunk, and face, as well as internal organs.

How is Scleroderma Diagnosed?

There is no single test for scleroderma and it can be difficult to diagnose. Doctors may use a combination of tests, including:.

Physical exam
Medical history
Blood tests
Imaging tests, such as X-rays or CT scans
Biopsies

How is Scleroderma Treated?

There is no cure for scleroderma, but treatment can help to manage symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. Treatment may include:.

Medications to improve blood flow and reduce inflammation
Physical therapy
Occupational therapy
Dietary changes
Pulmonary rehabilitation
Lung transplants
Stem cell transplants

Separating Fact from Fiction

There are many misconceptions surrounding scleroderma, so it is important to separate fact from fiction. Here are some common myths:.

Myth: Scleroderma is contagious.

Fact: Scleroderma is not contagious and cannot be passed from person to person.

Myth: Scleroderma only affects the skin.

Fact: While scleroderma often starts with skin symptoms, it can progress to affect internal organs and blood vessels.

Myth: Scleroderma is fatal.

Fact: While scleroderma is a serious disease, it is not necessarily fatal. Many people with scleroderma are able to manage their symptoms with treatment.

Myth: There is no treatment for scleroderma.

Fact: While there is no cure for scleroderma, treatment can help to manage symptoms and slow the progression of the disease.

Myth: Scleroderma only affects women.

Fact: While scleroderma does affect women more frequently than men, men and children can also develop the disease.

Conclusion

While scleroderma is a rare and serious disease, it is important to separate fact from fiction in order to gain a better understanding of the disease.

With the right treatment, many people with scleroderma are able to manage their symptoms and maintain a good quality of life.