While both allergies and colds have similar symptoms, they have entirely different causes. An allergy is an immune system reaction to a substance that does not typically cause an issue for other people.
A cold, on the other hand, is caused by a viral infection. It can be difficult to differentiate between the two, but there are a few key differences that can help determine the cause of your symptoms.
Symptoms of a Cold vs. Allergies
The following symptoms are common in both a cold and allergies:.
- Cough
- Sneezing
- Runny or stuffy nose
- Sore throat
- Fatigue
However, there are some key differences in how these symptoms present in colds versus allergies.
Cold Symptoms
The following symptoms are more likely to indicate a cold:.
- Fever – A fever is common with a cold but not with allergies.
- Bodily aches and pains – These are also more common with a cold condition and not allergies.
- Mucus – The mucus produced during a cold is often darker and thicker than with allergies.
Allergy Symptoms
The following symptoms are more likely to indicate allergies:.
- Itching – Allergies can cause itching in the eyes, throat, and nose while colds generally don’t cause itching.
- Sneezing – Frequent sneezing is more common with allergies.
- Watery eyes – Constantly watery and teary eyes are more associated with allergies, especially if the eyes are itchy.
Duration of Symptoms
The length of time you experience symptoms can also give you an indication of whether you are dealing with allergies or a cold.
The symptoms of a cold will generally last 7-10 days while the symptoms of allergies tend to last as long as you are exposed to the allergen.
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Seasonal Allergies vs. Cold
Colds can happen to anyone, but they are more common during the cold months of winter. Seasonal allergies, on the other hand, are more likely to occur during specific times of the year when certain plants are in bloom.
If you notice a pattern in your symptoms occurring during the same time of year, it may be more likely they are caused by allergies.
Treatment for Allergies vs. Cold
Knowing whether you are dealing with a cold or allergies is important when it comes to treatment. The treatments for each condition are quite different.
Cold Treatment
Treatment for a cold can include:.
- Over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen
- Decongestants to reduce nasal congestion
- Cough medicine to help with coughing
- Rest, drinking fluids, and avoiding strenuous activities
Allergy Treatment
Treatment for allergies can include:.
- Over-the-counter or prescription antihistamines to block allergic reactions
- Steroid nasal sprays to reduce inflammation and prevent allergic reactions
- Allergy shots that introduce small amounts of allergens to the body to build up an immunity
- Avoidance of allergens
Conclusion
While allergies and colds have similar symptoms, there are important differences between the two. Understanding the cause of your symptoms can help determine the appropriate treatment.
Contact a healthcare provider if you’re unsure what is causing your symptoms or if they persist for an extended period of time.
