Summer is a time for outdoor activities, sunny days, and spending more time in the sun. While the sun brings warmth and happiness, it can also pose a threat to our eye health.

The ultraviolet (UV) rays emitted by the sun can cause various eye conditions and diseases. In this article, we will discuss the factors that increase the risk of eye diseases during the summertime and how to protect our eyes from harmful UV rays.

1. Intense Sunlight

The intensity of sunlight is much stronger during summer, especially during midday when the sun is at its peak.

Long exposure to intense sunlight can damage the cells in the eyes, leading to various eye diseases such as cataracts, macular degeneration, and pterygium. Therefore, it is crucial to protect our eyes by wearing sunglasses with UV protection and a wide-brimmed hat that shades the eyes from direct sunlight.

2. Chlorine and Saltwater

Swimming is a popular summer activity, but chlorinated pool water and saltwater can irritate the eyes. Chlorine in pool water can cause dryness, redness, and blurry vision.

It can also wash away the natural tear film that protects the outer layer of the eye, making it susceptible to infections. Saltwater can have a similar effect and may even worsen the symptoms if there are any pre-existing eye conditions. To prevent these issues, it is recommended to wear swim goggles to protect the eyes from both chlorine and saltwater.

3. Air Conditioning

While air conditioning provides relief from the scorching summer heat, it can also have negative effects on our eye health. Spending long hours in air-conditioned environments can cause dry eyes due to the reduced humidity levels.

Dry eyes can lead to discomfort, eye strain, and blurry vision. To combat this, it is essential to keep ourselves hydrated by drinking plenty of water and using artificial tear drops to lubricate the eyes.

4. Allergens

Summer brings a high pollen count and an increase in allergens in the air, which can trigger allergic reactions in many individuals. Allergies can cause redness, itching, watery eyes, and swollen eyelids.

Avoiding exposure to allergens is ideal, but when that’s not possible, using over-the-counter antihistamine eye drops can provide temporary relief. It is advisable to consult an eye doctor for proper diagnosis and long-term management of allergies.

5. Harmful UV Rays

UV rays are present even on cloudy days, and they can damage the eyes just as much as on sunny days. Prolonged and excessive exposure to UV rays can increase the risk of developing cataracts, macular degeneration, and corneal sunburn.

It is crucial to wear sunglasses that provide protection against both UVA and UVB rays. Look for sunglasses that have a UV 400 or 100% UV protection label.

6. Digital Eye Strain

In today’s digital age, many people spend extended periods of time staring at screens, whether it be a computer, smartphone, or tablet. This can lead to a condition known as digital eye strain.

Symptoms include dry eyes, blurred vision, headaches, and neck and shoulder pain. To alleviate digital eye strain, it is recommended to follow the 20-20-20 rule: Every 20 minutes, take a break and look at something 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds.

Additionally, using computer glasses with an anti-reflective coating can help reduce eye strain.

7. Outdoor Activities

Participating in outdoor activities such as hiking, gardening, and sports exposes our eyes to potential hazards. Flying debris, dust, and insects can cause eye injuries.

It is essential to wear protective eyewear, such as safety glasses or goggles, during these activities to prevent eye injuries. In case of an eye injury, seek immediate medical attention to prevent further damage.

8. Contact Lens Hygiene

Summer activities often involve water, and wearing contact lenses in water can lead to eye infections. Water from swimming pools, lakes, and hot tubs may contain harmful bacteria and microorganisms that can adhere to contact lenses and cause infections.

It is crucial to remove contact lenses before swimming and to properly clean and disinfect them after each use. Consider using prescription goggles if you prefer swimming with clear vision.

9. UV-Protective Contact Lenses

For those who wear contact lenses, it is worth considering UV-protective contact lenses. These lenses not only correct your vision but also provide an added layer of protection against harmful UV rays.

However, it is important to note that UV-protective contact lenses should not be considered a substitute for wearing sunglasses, as they do not cover the entire eye area.

10. Regular Eye Exams

Regular eye exams are crucial for maintaining overall eye health, especially during the summer season. Eye exams can detect any underlying eye conditions or diseases early on, allowing for prompt treatment and management.

Consult with an optometrist or ophthalmologist to schedule a comprehensive eye exam and discuss any concerns or symptoms you may have.