Have you ever sneezed after leaving a dark room and entering a bright, sunny day? You’re not alone. Many people experience the same phenomenon, which scientists call the photic sneeze reflex.

What is the Photic Sneeze Reflex?

The photic sneeze reflex, also known as the ACHOO syndrome (short for Autosomal Dominant Compelling Helio-Ophthalmic Outburst), is a reflexive response to sudden exposure to bright light that causes some people to sneeze.

This phenomenon occurs in approximately 18-35% of the population, according to a study published in the Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry.

The reflex is triggered by increased activity in the trigeminal nerve, which is responsible for controlling sensations in the face, including itching, tickling, and pain.

When the nerve is stimulated by bright light, it can sometimes cross-wire with the nerves responsible for sneezing, leading to an involuntary sneeze.

Why do Some People Experience the Photographic Sneeze Reflex?

The photic sneeze reflex is an inherited trait, meaning it runs in families. It is thought to be an autosomal dominant trait, which means that only one parent needs to pass on the gene for a child to show symptoms.

However, the exact genetic cause of the reflex is unknown, and it is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

Some researchers believe that the reflex could be an evolutionary adaptation to protect the eyes from sudden exposure to bright light.

Sneezing may help to clear the nasal passages and reduce the discomfort caused by the bright light, preventing damage to the eyes.

Related Article Why do many people sneeze when they look at the sun?

Is the Photic Sneeze Reflex Harmful?

The photic sneeze reflex is generally harmless and does not require treatment.

However, it can be a nuisance for some people, especially if they experience it frequently or in situations where it is inappropriate to sneeze, such as during a meeting or in a quiet library.

In rare cases, the reflex can be a symptom of an underlying neurological condition, such as multiple sclerosis or epilepsy. If you experience frequent or severe photic sneezing or have any other concerns, it is important to speak with your doctor.

Is There a Way to Control the Photic Sneeze Reflex?

Unfortunately, there is no cure for the photic sneeze reflex. However, there are some strategies that you can try to reduce the frequency or severity of your sneezes.

One strategy is to wear sunglasses or a hat with a brim to reduce exposure to bright light. This can be especially helpful when you know you will be entering a bright environment, such as stepping outside on a sunny day.

Another strategy is to pinch your nose or press your tongue against your palate just as you feel the urge to sneeze. This can help to suppress the sneeze and prevent it from occurring.

The Bottom Line

The photic sneeze reflex is a curious phenomenon that affects a significant portion of the population. While it is generally harmless, it can be a nuisance for some people.

If you find that you frequently experience photic sneezes or have any concerns, it is important to speak with your doctor to rule out any underlying conditions.