Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. It is commonly found in bread, pasta, and many processed foods.

For most people, gluten is harmless, but for those with celiac disease and gluten sensitivity, consuming gluten can cause a range of symptoms. In recent years, there has been much discussion about the effect of gluten on pregnancy. Here’s what you need to know.

What is Celiac Disease and Gluten Sensitivity?

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder where people cannot tolerate gluten. When someone with celiac disease eats gluten, their body mounts an immune response that damages the small intestine.

This can lead to malabsorption, nutrient deficiencies, and a range of other symptoms such as bloating, diarrhea, and weight loss. The only treatment is a strict gluten-free diet.

Gluten sensitivity is a condition where people experience symptoms similar to celiac disease but do not test positive for the disease. People with gluten sensitivity often find that avoiding gluten improves their symptoms.

Can Gluten Affect Fertility?

There is no evidence to suggest that gluten affects fertility in women who do not have celiac disease or gluten sensitivity. However, in women with celiac disease, infertility is a common symptom.

When women with celiac disease adhere to a strict gluten-free diet, they often experience improved fertility. In one study, women with celiac disease who followed a gluten-free diet for a year experienced an increase in the likelihood of pregnancy from 19% to 79%.

Gluten and Pregnancy Complications

There is limited research on the effect of gluten on pregnancy complications. However, there is evidence to suggest that celiac disease can increase the risk of certain complications such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and miscarriage.

Women with undiagnosed celiac disease may be at particular risk, as the condition can lead to nutrient deficiencies that affect the fetus. There is no evidence to suggest that gluten sensitivity increases the risk of pregnancy complications.

Gluten and Gestational Diabetes

Gestational diabetes is a condition where women develop diabetes during pregnancy. There is some evidence to suggest that consuming a gluten-free diet during pregnancy may reduce the risk of gestational diabetes.

In one study, women who followed a gluten-free diet had a lower incidence of gestational diabetes compared to those who consumed gluten.

Should You Go Gluten-Free During Pregnancy?

For women who do not have celiac disease or gluten sensitivity, there is no reason to go gluten-free during pregnancy. Healthy, balanced diets that include gluten can provide all the nutrients needed for a healthy pregnancy.

However, if you have celiac disease or gluten sensitivity, it is crucial to follow a strict gluten-free diet throughout pregnancy to avoid complications.

Conclusion

Overall, there is limited evidence to suggest that gluten affects pregnancy outcomes in women who do not have celiac disease or gluten sensitivity.

However, for women with celiac disease or gluten sensitivity, adherence to a strict gluten-free diet is essential during pregnancy to avoid complications and ensure a healthy pregnancy. As with any dietary change, it is important to speak with a healthcare provider to understand the potential risks and benefits.