Miscarriage is a devastating event that can have profound effects on couples hoping to start or expand a family.

While there are many factors that can contribute to miscarriage, recent studies have indicated that male sperm may play a larger role than previously thought. In this article, we’ll explore the impact of male sperm on miscarriage and what couples can do to improve their chances of a successful pregnancy.

What is Miscarriage?

Miscarriage is the loss of a pregnancy before the 20th week. It’s estimated that up to 25% of all recognized pregnancies end in miscarriage.

A miscarriage can occur for a variety of reasons, including genetic abnormalities, chronic health conditions, and problems with the uterus or cervix. In many cases, the cause of miscarriage is unknown.

How Does Male Sperm Affect Miscarriage?

While the impact of male sperm on miscarriage is still being studied, researchers have found that the quality of sperm can have a significant impact on the likelihood of pregnancy and miscarriage.

Two key factors that impact sperm quality are DNA fragmentation and oxidative stress.

DNA Fragmentation

DNA fragmentation refers to damage to the sperm’s genetic material. This damage can occur during sperm production or during transit through the male reproductive tract.

When sperm with damaged DNA fertilize an egg, it can lead to chromosomal abnormalities and increase the risk of miscarriage.

A recent study published in the Journal of Human Reproduction found that men with high levels of sperm DNA fragmentation had a significantly increased risk of miscarriage.

The study also found that couples with high levels of sperm DNA fragmentation were less likely to conceive than couples with lower levels.

Oxidative Stress

Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in the body. Free radicals are unstable molecules that can cause damage to cells and genetic material.

Antioxidants help neutralize free radicals and protect against this damage.

Research has found that men with high levels of oxidative stress in their sperm have a higher risk of miscarriage.

One study published in the journal Fertility and Sterility found that men with high levels of oxidative stress were more than three times as likely to have a miscarriage compared to men with lower levels.

What Can Couples Do to Improve Sperm Quality?

If you’re trying to conceive or have experienced miscarriage in the past, there are steps you can take to improve the quality of male sperm. These include:.

1. Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle

A healthy diet and exercise can improve overall health and sperm quality. Men should aim to eat a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein. Exercise can also help reduce oxidative stress and improve sperm quality.

2. Avoid Environmental Toxins

Exposure to chemicals and pollutants can impact sperm quality. Men should avoid exposure to pesticides, chemicals, and other toxins whenever possible. This includes avoiding smoking and tobacco use.

3. Consider Supplements

There are a variety of supplements that can help improve male fertility and sperm quality. These include antioxidants such as Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and Selenium.

Conclusion

The impact of male sperm on miscarriage is complex and still being studied. However, evidence suggests that the quality of sperm can play a significant role in pregnancy outcomes.

Couples who are trying to conceive or have experienced miscarriage in the past should work with their healthcare provider to identify any potential sperm quality issues and develop a plan to improve fertility.