Companions fistula, also known as rectovaginal or rectourethral fistula, is a medical condition that affects men and women alike. It is a painful and embarrassing condition that can have a significant impact on a person’s quality of life.

Companions fistula occurs when there is an abnormal connection or opening between the rectum and the vagina or urethra. This condition can lead to the passing of feces or gas through the vagina or urethra.

Symptoms of Companions Fistula

The symptoms of companions fistula vary from person to person, but the most common symptoms include:.

Foul-smelling discharge from the vagina or urethra
Incontinence of feces or gas
Pain during sexual intercourse
Recurrent urinary tract infections
Chronic pelvic pain
Rectal bleeding

Causes of Companions Fistula

Companions fistula can be caused by a variety of factors, including:.

Childbirth complications: This is the most common cause of companions fistula in women. During childbirth, the tissues between the rectum and vagina or urethra can tear, leading to the development of a fistula.
Surgery: Surgery in the pelvic or abdominal area can also lead to the development of companions fistula. This is especially true if the surgery involves the rectum or anus.
Sexual trauma: Rape or sexual violence can cause physical trauma to the vaginal or anal area, leading to the development of a fistula.
Inflammatory bowel disease: Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis can cause chronic inflammation and damage to the tissues in the anus and rectum, leading to the development of a fistula.
Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy for cancer treatment can damage the tissues in the pelvic area, leading to the development of companions fistula.

Diagnosis of Companions Fistula

A doctor can usually diagnose companions fistula by performing a physical examination and reviewing the person’s medical history. Additional tests may be needed, including:.

Rectal exam: A doctor will perform a physical exam of the rectum to check for the presence of a fistula.
Contrast study: An x-ray or MRI may be performed to visualize the fistula and determine its location.
Endoscopy: A small camera may be inserted into the rectum to help the doctor visualize the fistula and surrounding tissues.
Ultrasound: An ultrasound can be used to visualize the fistula and surrounding tissues.

Treatment of Companions Fistula

Treatment for companions fistula depends on the severity of the condition. Mild cases may be treated with conservative measures, such as:.

Dietary changes: A diet high in fiber can help regulate bowel movements and reduce the risk of fecal incontinence.
Medications: Antibiotics may be prescribed to treat any infections that may be present.
Sitz baths: Soaking in warm water can help reduce inflammation and promote healing.

In more severe cases, surgery may be needed to repair the fistula. Surgical options include:.

Fistulotomy: This is the most common surgery for companions fistula. During a fistulotomy, the doctor cuts the fistula open and leaves it open to heal on its own.
Advancement flap surgery: In this procedure, the doctor removes tissue from the rectum and uses it to close the fistula.
Colostomy or ileostomy: If the fistula is too large to repair, the doctor may divert the fecal stream by creating a hole in the abdomen and attaching a bag to collect waste.

Complications of Companions Fistula

If left untreated, companions fistula can lead to a number of complications, including:.

Chronic pain
Increased risk of infection
Depression and anxiety
Loss of bowel or bladder control
Reduced quality of life

Prevention of Companions Fistula

Prevention of companions fistula may not always be possible, but there are steps that can be taken to reduce the risk of developing the condition, including:.

Maintaining good hygiene
Using proper protection during sexual activity
Seeking prompt medical attention for any symptoms of infection or inflammation in the pelvic area
Adopting a healthy diet and lifestyle
Participating in prenatal classes and seeking professional assistance during childbirth

Conclusion

Companions fistula is a painful and debilitating condition that can have a significant impact on a person’s quality of life.

It is important to seek medical attention if you are experiencing any symptoms of companions fistula, as early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications and relieve symptoms. By taking steps to reduce your risk of developing this condition, you can improve your overall health and well-being.