Dermatitis is a skin condition that affects millions of people globally. It presents as inflamed, itchy, and red skin caused by various factors, ranging from environmental allergens to skin irritants, and genetic predisposition.

While dermatitis is a chronic condition that requires long-term management, it is possible to treat and manage its symptoms effectively.

Identifying the type of dermatitis

The first step in treating dermatitis is identifying the type of dermatitis. There are several types of dermatitis, including:.

Atopic dermatitis

This type of dermatitis is also known as eczema. It is a chronic and long-lasting skin condition that is characterized by dry, itchy, and inflamed skin.

It typically occurs in people who have a genetic tendency towards the condition or have a family history of asthma, hayfever, or eczema.

Contact dermatitis

This type of dermatitis occurs when the skin comes into contact with certain irritants or allergens. It can cause redness, itching, and even blistering of the skin.

Common irritants include soaps, detergents, chemicals, and metals such as nickel and gold.

Seborrheic dermatitis

This type of dermatitis causes scaly or oily patches on the skin, particularly on the scalp, face, or chest. It is a common condition that can affect people of all ages.

Nummular dermatitis

This is a type of dermatitis characterized by coin-shaped patches on the skin. It is often caused by dry skin and can be worsened by scratching.

Treating dermatitis

There are several ways to treat dermatitis. While there is no known cure for the condition, it can be managed through the following ways:.

1. Topical corticosteroids

Topical corticosteroids are a common treatment for dermatitis. They work by reducing inflammation and itching on the affected skin. They are available in varying strengths and application frequency.

Your dermatologist will determine the right strength and frequency based on the severity of your dermatitis.

2. Emollients/moisturizers

Keeping the skin moisturized is key to managing dermatitis. Emollients and moisturizers work by helping the skin retain water, reducing itching, and protecting it from further damage.

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Apply them soon after bathing or showering, when the skin is still damp.

3. Wet dressings

Wet dressings involve applying a soaked cloth to the affected area, followed by a dry bandage. They help cool and hydrate the skin, reducing itching and inflammation. They are particularly beneficial in the early stages of eczema.

4. Light therapy

Light therapy involves exposing the affected skin to ultraviolet light under the supervision of a dermatologist. It helps reduce inflammation and itching and is particularly beneficial in the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis.

5. Oral medications

In severe cases, dermatologists may prescribe oral medications such as immunosuppressants to manage dermatitis. These medications work by suppressing the immune system, reducing inflammation and itching.

They should only be taken under the supervision of a dermatologist.

Lifestyle changes to manage dermatitis

In addition to medical treatments, the following lifestyle changes can help manage dermatitis:.

1. Identify and avoid triggers

Environmental irritants and allergens can trigger dermatitis. Identify these triggers and avoid them as much as possible. If you are allergic to a specific substance, consider getting allergy shots to reduce your body’s sensitivity to it.

Common triggers include dust mites, pet dander, mold, pollen, and certain foods.

2. Wear comfortable clothing

Wear loose-fitting, comfortable clothing made of cotton or other natural fibers. Avoid tight clothing or synthetic materials that can cause irritation and exacerbate dermatitis symptoms.

3. Take warm baths

Take warm (not hot) baths to help relieve itching and inflammation. Add colloidal oatmeal, baking soda, or bath oils to the water to help soothe the skin.

4. Manage stress

Stress can exacerbate dermatitis symptoms. Practice stress-management techniques such as yoga, meditation, or deep breathing exercises to help manage stress.