Coronary heart disease occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle become narrow and hardened due to the buildup of plaque. This condition, also known as heart disease, is one of the leading causes of death worldwide.

Fortunately, many factors that contribute to coronary heart disease are within our control. In this article, we’ll explore the top factors that determine your risk of developing coronary heart disease.

1. Smoking

Smoking is one of the biggest risk factors for coronary heart disease. Tobacco smoke contains chemicals that damage the heart and blood vessels, making it harder for blood to flow through them.

This can lead to high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, and heart attacks.

2. High Blood Pressure

High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is another major risk factor for coronary heart disease. It puts added stress on the heart and blood vessels, making them more prone to damage and narrowing.

3. High Cholesterol

High levels of LDL cholesterol (often called “bad cholesterol”) can lead to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, increasing the risk of heart disease.

Eating a healthy diet low in saturated fats and high in fiber can help keep cholesterol levels in check.

4. Physical Inactivity

A sedentary lifestyle can increase the risk of atherosclerosis and heart disease. Regular exercise helps keep the heart and blood vessels healthy and can lower blood pressure and cholesterol levels.

5. Diabetes

People with diabetes are at higher risk for coronary heart disease due to high blood sugar levels, which can damage the blood vessels and increase the risk of atherosclerosis.

Keeping blood sugar levels under control with diet, exercise, and medication is essential for preventing heart disease in people with diabetes.

6. Obesity

Being overweight or obese can increase the risk of coronary heart disease by putting added stress on the heart and blood vessels. Losing weight through healthy diet and exercise can help reduce this risk.

7. Family History

If a close family member has had heart disease, your risk may be higher due to genetic factors. It’s important to let your doctor know if there is a family history of heart disease so they can monitor your risk and recommend preventive measures.

8. Age

The risk of coronary heart disease increases as we age. Men over the age of 45 and women over the age of 55 are at greater risk than younger adults.

9. Stress

Chronic stress can contribute to high blood pressure and other factors that increase the risk of heart disease.

Finding healthy ways to manage stress, such as exercise, meditation, or talking with a mental health professional, can help reduce this risk.

10. Unhealthy Diet

A diet high in saturated and trans fats, added sugars, and salt can increase the risk of heart disease. Eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats can help reduce this risk.