Diabetes is a chronic condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It occurs when the body is unable to produce or effectively use insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels.

If left unmanaged, diabetes can lead to serious health complications such as heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, and blindness. However, by making certain lifestyle changes, people with diabetes can better control their blood sugar levels and reduce their risk of complications.

Eat a healthy diet

A healthy diet is an essential part of diabetes management. This means consuming a balanced diet that includes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats.

Avoiding processed foods, sugary drinks, and foods with high levels of saturated and trans fats is also important. If you are unsure about what to eat, consult a registered dietitian who specializes in diabetes management.

Stay physically active

Regular exercise can help manage blood sugar levels by improving insulin sensitivity and lowering blood pressure. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week, such as brisk walking or cycling.

If you are new to exercise, start slowly and gradually increase your activity level over time. Be sure to check with your healthcare provider before beginning any new exercise program.

Maintain a healthy weight

Obesity is a risk factor for diabetes and can make it more difficult to manage blood sugar levels. Losing weight through a combination of healthy eating and regular exercise can improve insulin sensitivity and help keep blood sugar levels in check.

Aim for a body mass index (BMI) between 18.5 and 24.9.

Stop smoking

Cigarette smoking has been linked to numerous health problems, including diabetes. Smokers are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes and have a higher risk of complications such as heart disease, kidney disease, and peripheral artery disease.

If you smoke, talk to your healthcare provider about ways to quit.

Reduce stress

Stress can raise blood sugar levels and make diabetes management more difficult. Practice relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, yoga, or meditation. Engage in hobbies or activities that you enjoy and make time for self-care.

Get enough sleep

Lack of sleep can disrupt hormone production and lead to higher blood sugar levels. Aim for seven to eight hours of sleep per night and establish a regular sleep routine. Avoid caffeine, alcohol, and electronic devices before bedtime.

Monitor blood sugar levels regularly

Regular blood sugar monitoring can help you know whether your treatment plan is working effectively. Follow your healthcare provider’s advice on how often to check your blood sugar and what your target ranges should be.

Keep a record of your readings and share it with your healthcare provider at each appointment.

Take medications as prescribed

If you take medications to manage your diabetes, make sure you take them as prescribed. Talk to your healthcare provider about any concerns you have regarding your medications, including side effects or interactions with other drugs.

Do not modify your medication regimen without consulting your healthcare provider first.

Attend regular healthcare appointments

Regular healthcare appointments can monitor your diabetes management and identify any potential complications before they worsen. Be sure to see your healthcare provider regularly and let them know if you notice any changes in your symptoms.

Celebrate your successes

Managing diabetes can be challenging, but it is important to celebrate your successes along the way. Recognize your progress and reward yourself for achieving your goals, no matter how small they may be.