Bloody stools, also known as hematochezia, can be a cause for concern for many people. It is often associated with colorectal cancer, but there are many other underlying causes of bloody stools.

In this article, we will explore the different causes of bloody stools and what symptoms you should look out for.

What Causes Bloody Stools?

Bloody stools can be caused by a variety of factors, including:.

1. Hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids are one of the most common causes of bloody stools. Hemorrhoids are enlarged veins in the rectum and anus that can become irritated and bleed.

Hemorrhoids can be caused by straining during bowel movements, sitting for long periods of time, or by pregnancy.

2. Anal Fissures

Anal fissures are small tears in the lining of the anus that can cause pain and bleeding. They are often caused by passing hard, dry stools or by straining during bowel movements.

Anal fissures can also be caused by diarrhea or inflammation of the rectum.

3. Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, is a chronic condition that causes inflammation in the digestive tract. The two main types of IBD are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Both conditions can cause bloody stools, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.

4. Diverticulitis

Diverticulitis is a condition that occurs when small pouches in the wall of the colon become infected or inflamed. Symptoms of diverticulitis can include abdominal pain, fever, and bloody stools.

5. Peptic Ulcers

Peptic ulcers are open sores that develop in the lining of the stomach or small intestine. They can be caused by bacteria called H. pylori, or by the use of certain medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Symptoms of peptic ulcers can include abdominal pain, nausea, and bloody stools.

6. Colitis

Colitis is a condition that causes inflammation in the colon. It can be caused by infections, inflammation, or a lack of blood flow to the colon. Symptoms of colitis can include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and bloody stools.

7. Anal Cancer

Anal cancer is a rare form of cancer that can cause bleeding from the rectum or anus. Other symptoms of anal cancer can include pain, itching, and a lump or bump near the anus.

8. Intestinal Polyps

Intestinal polyps are growths that develop in the lining of the colon or rectum. While most intestinal polyps are benign, some can become cancerous over time.

Symptoms of intestinal polyps can include bloody stools, abdominal pain, and a change in bowel habits.

9. Gastroenteritis

Gastroenteritis, also known as the stomach flu, is an infection of the stomach and intestines that can cause diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. In some cases, it can also cause bloody stools.

10. Colon Cancer

While less common than other causes of bloody stools, colon cancer is a serious condition that can cause bleeding from the rectum or anus. Other symptoms of colon cancer can include changes in bowel habits, abdominal pain, and unexplained weight loss.

What to Do If You’re Experiencing Bloody Stools

If you are experiencing bloody stools, it is important to see a doctor as soon as possible. While in most cases bloody stools are not a sign of a serious condition, it is important to rule out any underlying health issues.

Your doctor may recommend a colonoscopy, which is a procedure that allows them to examine the inside of your colon for any abnormalities or signs of cancer. They may also recommend stool tests to check for infections or other abnormalities.

If your doctor determines that you have a condition that is causing your bloody stools, they may recommend treatment options such as medication, dietary changes, or surgery.