Cervical polyps are growths that occur on the cervix (the narrow neck of the uterus that leads to the vagina). They can be either single or multiple, and they range in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters in diameter.

In many cases, they are harmless and do not cause any symptoms. However, in some cases, they can cause bleeding after intercourse or between periods, discomfort during sex, or an increase in vaginal discharge.

Cervical polyps: Who’s at risk?

While cervical polyps can occur in any woman of any age who has not undergone a hysterectomy, they are most common in women who are approaching menopause and those who have had a history of cervical inflammation or infection.

Additionally, women who use hormonal contraception or hormone therapy may have a slightly higher risk of developing cervical polyps.

Cervical polyps: What are the symptoms?

In many cases, women with cervical polyps have no symptoms at all. However, when symptoms are present, they may include:.

Bleeding after intercourse
Irregular bleeding between menstrual periods
Increased vaginal discharge
Pain during intercourse

Diagnosis: Cervical polyps

If you are experiencing any of the symptoms mentioned above, it is important to schedule an appointment with your healthcare provider. During this visit, your provider will perform a pelvic exam to check for any abnormalities or growths.

If a cervical polyp is discovered during the exam, your healthcare provider may order additional tests, such as:.

Transvaginal ultrasound
Hysteroscopy
Endometrial biopsy

Treatment for cervical polyps

In many cases, cervical polyps do not require treatment. However, if a polyp is causing symptoms, your healthcare provider will likely recommend removal. There are several methods for removing cervical polyps, including:.

Polypectomy: A simple office-based procedure where the polyp is removed with forceps or a cutting instrument.
Cryosurgery: A freezing technique that destroys the polyp tissue.
Electrocautery: A high-frequency electrical current that burns the polyp tissue.

Preventing cervical polyps

While there is no guaranteed way to prevent cervical polyps from forming, there are several steps you can take to reduce your risk:.

Have regular pelvic exams to check for any abnormalities or growths.
Practice safe sex to reduce your risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
Maintain good hygiene, including washing your hands frequently and keeping the genital area clean and dry.
Quit smoking, if you are a smoker.

When to seek medical attention

If you are experiencing bleeding after intercourse or between menstrual periods, unusual discharge, or pain during intercourse, it is important to schedule an appointment with your healthcare provider.

While cervical polyps are usually benign, these symptoms can also be indicative of more serious conditions, such as cervical cancer.

Conclusion

Cervical polyps are growths that occur on the cervix, and while they are usually benign, they can cause symptoms such as bleeding after intercourse or irregular bleeding between menstrual periods.

If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to schedule an appointment with your healthcare provider. While it is not always possible to prevent cervical polyps from forming, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk.