Coronary disease is the leading cause of death globally. It results from the accumulation of plaque in the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscles.
When the plaque builds up, the arteries narrow, reducing the amount of blood flowing through them and eventually causing chest pain, shortness of breath, or heart attack. In this article, we will discuss the risks and symptoms of coronary disease.
Risk Factors
Several factors increase the risk of getting coronary disease, some of which can be controlled while others cannot. The following are the primary risk factors for coronary artery disease:.
Age and Gender
As you grow older, the risk of getting coronary disease increases. Men are more likely to get the disease than women, but women have a higher risk after menopause.
Family History
If your family has a history of coronary disease, you have a higher risk of getting the disease.
Smoking
Smoking increases the risk of getting the disease because it narrows the arteries and reduces the amount of oxygen in the blood.
High Cholesterol
Cholesterol is a waxy substance that circulates in the blood. High levels of cholesterol lead to plaque buildup in the arteries.
High Blood Pressure
High blood pressure, or hypertension, damages the arteries, making them more prone to plaque buildup.
Diabetes
Diabetes increases the risk of getting coronary disease because it damages the blood vessels.
Inactivity
Being inactive increases the risk of getting the disease because it leads to obesity, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol.
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Obesity
Obesity increases the risk of getting the disease because it causes high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes.
Symptoms
Coronary disease can cause various symptoms, depending on the severity and location of the blockage. Some people may experience no symptoms, while others may have mild or severe symptoms. The following are the main symptoms of coronary disease:.
Chest Pain
Chest pain, also known as angina, is the most common symptom of coronary disease. The pain may feel like tightness, pressure, squeezing, or burning in the center of the chest.
It may last for a few minutes or longer and may radiate to other parts of the body, such as the arms, neck, jaw, back, or stomach.
Shortness of Breath
Shortness of breath is another common symptom of coronary disease. It can occur during physical exertion or at rest and can be accompanied by chest pain, fatigue, or lightheadedness.
Heart Attack
A heart attack occurs when the blood supply to the heart is cut off, causing the heart muscle to die. The symptoms of a heart attack include chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, sweating, and lightheadedness.
Arrhythmia
An arrhythmia is an abnormal heart rhythm that can result from coronary disease. It can cause palpitations, dizziness, fainting, or low blood pressure.
Heart Failure
Heart failure occurs when the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs. It can cause fatigue, shortness of breath, swelling in the legs, ankles, or feet, and weight gain.
Conclusion
Coronary disease is a serious condition that can lead to heart attack, heart failure, or death. It is essential to know the risk factors and symptoms of the disease to prevent or treat it properly.
If you experience any of the symptoms mentioned above, seek medical attention immediately.
