Heart disease is a leading cause of death worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, cardiovascular diseases account for nearly 18 million deaths each year.

In the United States, heart disease is responsible for one in four deaths, making it the number one cause of death for both men and women.

The good news is that many of the risk factors for heart disease are controllable through lifestyle changes and medical treatment. In fact, there are seven key numbers that you should know to reduce your risk of heart disease.

1. Blood Pressure

Blood pressure is the force of blood against the walls of your arteries. High blood pressure, or hypertension, causes your heart to work harder and can lead to damage in your blood vessels over time.

Normal blood pressure is considered to be less than 120/80 mm Hg.

If your blood pressure is consistently high, your doctor may prescribe medication and recommend lifestyle changes such as weight loss, exercise, and reducing your sodium intake.

2. Cholesterol

Cholesterol is a type of fat that your body needs to function properly. However, too much cholesterol in your blood can build up in your arteries and increase your risk of heart disease.

There are two types of cholesterol: high-density lipoprotein (HDL), which is known as “good” cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), which is known as “bad” cholesterol.

Your doctor may recommend cholesterol-lowering medications, such as statins, along with lifestyle changes such as a healthy diet and exercise, if your cholesterol levels are too high.

3. Body Mass Index

Body mass index (BMI) is a measure of body fat based on your height and weight. People with a BMI of 25 or higher are considered overweight, and those with a BMI of 30 or higher are considered obese.

Excess weight can increase your risk of heart disease by putting extra strain on your heart and causing high blood pressure and other health problems.

To reduce your risk of heart disease, aim for a healthy BMI. This can be achieved through a combination of healthy eating and regular exercise.

4. Blood Sugar

Blood sugar, or glucose, is the main source of energy for your body’s cells. However, too much glucose in your blood can damage your blood vessels and increase your risk of heart disease.

People with diabetes are especially at risk for heart disease.

Your doctor may recommend medications and lifestyle changes such as a healthy diet and exercise to help control your blood sugar levels.

5. Waist Circumference

Waist circumference is a measure of abdominal obesity, which is a risk factor for heart disease. A waist circumference of more than 35 inches for women and more than 40 inches for men is considered a risk factor for heart disease.

To reduce your risk of heart disease, aim to keep your waist circumference below these levels through healthy eating and regular exercise.

6. Physical Activity

Regular physical activity can help reduce your risk of heart disease by improving your cardiovascular health, maintaining a healthy weight, and reducing stress.

Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, such as brisk walking or cycling, each week.

If you are new to exercise, start small and gradually increase your activity level. Consult your doctor before starting a new exercise program.

7. Smoking Status

Smoking is a major risk factor for heart disease. It damages your blood vessels and increases your risk of high blood pressure, heart attack, and stroke. If you smoke, quitting is the best way to reduce your risk of heart disease.

If you need help quitting smoking, talk to your doctor or seek assistance from a support group or smoking cessation program.

By understanding and managing these seven key numbers, you can reduce your risk of heart disease and improve your overall health and well-being.