It is estimated that up to 15% of the global population experiences symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS).
It is a common condition that affects the large intestine, which can lead to symptoms such as stomach pain, bloating, gas, diarrhea, and constipation. The exact cause of IBS is still unknown, but stress, diet, and other factors have been identified as potential triggers for the condition.
What are FODMAPs?
FODMAPs are types of carbohydrates that are poorly absorbed in the small intestine and can lead to IBS symptoms in some people. The acronym stands for Fermentable Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides, and Polyols.
These include lactose, fructose, certain fruits and vegetables, and artificial sweeteners. When FODMAPs reach the large intestine, they are fermented by bacteria, which can lead to gas, bloating, and other digestive symptoms.
How do FODMAPs affect IBS?
The low-FODMAP diet has been shown to be an effective treatment for people with IBS. Avoiding high-FODMAP foods can help reduce digestive symptoms in people with IBS. Cutting out FODMAP foods that trigger problems can help bring relief.
A systematic review and meta-analysis published in the Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology found that a low-FODMAP diet can improve overall IBS symptoms, as well as abdominal pain, bloating, and flatulence. By reducing the intake of FODMAPs, the severity and frequency of IBS symptoms will be reduced.
High-FODMAP foods to avoid
Common high-FODMAP foods that should be avoided include:.
- Apples
- Artificial sweeteners
- Blackberries
- Bread
- Chickpeas
- Cow’s milk
- Dried fruit
- Honey
- Mangoes
- Onions
- Peas
- Rye
- Soy milk
- Wheat
Low-FODMAP foods to enjoy
Common low-FODMAP foods that can be enjoyed include:.
- Bananas
- Blueberries
- Cantaloupe
- Carrots
- Corn
- Eggplant
- Grapes
- Green beans
- Hard cheeses such as cheddar or parmesan
- Meat such as chicken, beef, or pork
- Potatoes
- Tomatoes
- Zucchini
Implementing a low-FODMAP diet
It is important to remember that a low-FODMAP diet is intended to be a short-term elimination diet to help identify food triggers for IBS symptoms.
After 2-6 weeks of following a low-FODMAP diet strictly, you should begin to reintroduce FODMAPs one at a time to see which ones are problematic. This is done by reintroducing a small amount of a high-FODMAP food into your diet and monitoring for any symptoms that may occur.
Consultation with a registered dietitian is highly suggested before starting a low-FODMAP diet to ensure that you are not missing out on any key nutrients.
They can provide guidance on how to properly implement the diet and how to ensure you are still getting a balanced and nutritious diet.
Conclusion
Implementing a low-FODMAP diet can be an effective way to manage IBS symptoms and identify food triggers.
By avoiding high-FODMAP foods and following proper reintroduction techniques, individuals can achieve relief from digestive symptoms, improve overall gut health, and improve their quality of life.