Kidney failure occurs when your kidneys lose their ability to function properly. Healthy kidneys filter out waste and excess fluids from your blood and remove them from your body through urine.
When your kidneys fail, harmful wastes and fluids can build up in your body, causing a range of symptoms.
Types of Kidney Failure
There are two types of kidney failure: acute and chronic.
Acute Kidney Failure Symptoms
Acute kidney failure happens quickly, and symptoms may appear within a few days. Symptoms of acute kidney failure include:.
- Decreased urine output
- Swelling in your legs, ankles, or feet
- Shortness of breath
- Fatigue
- Confusion
- Nausea and vomiting
Chronic Kidney Failure Symptoms
Chronic kidney disease develops slowly over time and symptoms may not appear until the disease is advanced. Symptoms of chronic kidney failure include:.
- Decreased urine output
- Swelling in your legs, ankles, or feet
- Shortness of breath
- Fatigue
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea and vomiting
- Difficulty concentrating
- Itchy skin
- High blood pressure
Causes of Kidney Failure
Kidney failure can be caused by a variety of factors including:.
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Signs and Symptoms of Kidney Failure
- Diabetes
- High blood pressure
- Heart disease
- Autoimmune diseases such as lupus
- Infections such as HIV or hepatitis C
- Excessive use of over-the-counter pain medications such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen
- Exposure to environmental toxins such as lead or mercury
Diagnosis and Treatment
If you are experiencing symptoms of kidney failure, your doctor will perform blood and urine tests to check your kidney function.
Treatment of kidney failure typically involves managing the underlying cause of the disease and taking medications to control symptoms. In advanced cases of kidney failure, dialysis or kidney transplant may be necessary.
Preventing Kidney Failure
There are several steps you can take to prevent kidney failure:.
- Manage your blood pressure
- Maintain a healthy weight
- Exercise regularly
- Avoid smoking
- Limit alcohol consumption
- Avoid over-the-counter pain medications or take them only as directed by your doctor
Conclusion
Kidney failure can cause a range of symptoms, and it is important to be aware of the warning signs. Early diagnosis and treatment can help slow the progression of the disease and prevent serious complications.
If you are experiencing symptoms of kidney failure, talk to your healthcare provider immediately.
