Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the joints and the skin. It usually develops in people who have psoriasis, a skin condition characterized by red, scaly patches. PsA can cause joint pain, stiffness, and swelling.

It can also lead to deformities and loss of function if left untreated. In this article, we will discuss the symptoms and treatment options for PsA.

Symptoms of Psoriatic Arthritis

The symptoms of PsA can vary from person to person, but they generally include:.

Pain and stiffness in the joints, especially in the morning or after periods of inactivity
Swelling of the fingers and toes, which may look like sausages
Fatigue and low energy
Lower back pain or stiffness
Tenderness and pain in the tendons and ligaments
Eye inflammation, which can cause redness, pain, and blurred vision
Psoriasis-like skin rash or patches

If you have psoriasis and experience any of these symptoms, it’s important to talk to your doctor. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent joint damage and improve your quality of life.

Diagnosis of Psoriatic Arthritis

There is no single test to diagnose PsA. Your doctor will likely perform a physical exam, review your medical history, and order imaging tests and blood tests to rule out other conditions.

In some cases, a biopsy of the skin or joint fluid may be needed to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment Options for Psoriatic Arthritis

There is no cure for PsA, but there are several treatment options available to manage the symptoms and prevent joint damage. Your doctor may recommend:.

Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

NSAIDs, such as aspirin and ibuprofen, can reduce pain and inflammation in the joints. They are available over-the-counter and by prescription. However, long-term use can lead to gastrointestinal issues and other side effects.

Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs)

DMARDs, such as methotrexate and sulfasalazine, can slow down the progression of PsA and prevent joint damage. They work by suppressing the immune system, which can increase the risk of infections and other side effects.

Biologic Drugs

Biologics, such as etanercept and infliximab, are a newer class of drugs that target specific molecules in the immune system that cause inflammation. They are given by injection or infusion and can be effective in reducing pain and improving function.

However, they may increase the risk of infections and other side effects.

Physical Therapy

Physical therapy can help improve flexibility, strength, and range of motion in the affected joints. A physical therapist can design a personalized exercise program to address your specific needs and goals.

Occupational Therapy

Occupational therapy can help you manage the daily tasks that may be difficult due to joint pain and stiffness. An occupational therapist can teach you adaptive techniques and suggest assistive devices that can make your life easier.

Surgery

In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to repair or replace damaged joints. This is typically considered a last resort when other treatments have failed.

Lifestyle Changes to Manage Psoriatic Arthritis

In addition to medical treatments, there are several lifestyle changes that can help manage the symptoms of PsA:.

Exercise regularly to improve joint function and reduce pain and stiffness. Low-impact activities, such as swimming and yoga, are recommended.
Eat a healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Avoid processed foods and sugary drinks.
Maintain a healthy weight to reduce the stress on your joints.
Avoid smoking, as it can worsen the symptoms of PsA and increase the risk of other health problems.
Practice stress-reducing techniques, such as meditation and deep breathing, to manage pain and improve your mood.

Conclusion

Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic condition that can cause joint pain, stiffness, and swelling, as well as skin rash or patches. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent joint damage and improve your quality of life.

Treatment options include NSAIDs, DMARDs, biologics, physical therapy, occupational therapy, and surgery. Lifestyle changes, such as regular exercise and a healthy diet, can also help manage the symptoms of PsA. Talk to your doctor about a treatment plan that works best for you.