Systematic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that affects various parts of the body including the joints, skin, kidneys, and blood vessels.
SLE can be difficult to diagnose as symptoms can affect different body parts and can be similar to other diseases. This article will discuss four major causes of SLE.
Genetics
Research has shown that genetics plays a significant role in the development of SLE. Studies have found that individuals with a family history of SLE are more likely to develop the disease.
SLE is thought to be caused by the interaction between inherited genes and environmental triggers. Researchers have identified over 50 genes associated with SLE. Additionally, studies have found that certain ethnic populations are more susceptible to SLE including African Americans, Hispanics, and Asians.
Hormones
Women are more likely to develop SLE than men. This suggests that hormones may play a role in the development of the disease. Estrogen has been shown to increase immune response and inflammation.
Additionally, women with SLE tend to experience flares during pregnancy and around menopause when hormone levels are fluctuating. Hormonal contraception has also been linked to an increased risk of SLE development.
Environment
The environment can also play a role in the development of SLE. Exposure to certain chemicals, UV rays, and infections have been linked to the development of the disease.
Studies have found that individuals living in areas with higher UV exposure have a higher risk of developing SLE. Additionally, exposure to certain chemicals such as silica and mercury have been linked to the development of the disease.
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Medications
Some medications have been linked to the development of SLE. These medications include certain antibiotics, blood pressure medications, and anti-seizure medications. Drug-induced lupus erythematosus (DLE) is a type of SLE that is caused by medication.
Symptoms of DLE are similar to SLE but typically resolve after discontinuing the medication.
Symptoms of SLE
The symptoms of SLE can vary from person to person. Some of the common symptoms include:.
- Fatigue
- Joint pain and stiffness
- Skin rashes
- Fever
- Hair loss
- Mouth sores
- Swollen lymph nodes
SLE can affect other parts of the body including the kidneys, lungs, and heart. It is important to seek medical attention if you are experiencing any symptoms of SLE.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosing SLE can be challenging as symptoms can be similar to other diseases. Your doctor will perform a physical exam, review your symptoms and medical history, and order blood tests to help diagnose the disease.
Treatment for SLE focuses on managing symptoms and preventing flares. Treatment typically includes medications such as corticosteroids, antimalarials, and immunosuppressants. Lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking and wearing sunscreen can also help manage symptoms.
Conclusion
SLE is a complex disease that can be caused by genetics, hormones, environment, and medications. Symptoms of SLE can vary from person to person and affect various parts of the body.
If you suspect you may have SLE, it is important to seek medical attention to receive an accurate diagnosis and receive appropriate treatment.
