Systematic sclerosis, also called scleroderma, is a rare autoimmune disease in which the connective tissues and skin are affected.

It is characterized by the hardening and thickening of various tissues and organs of the body leading to gradual, irreversible damage to these parts.

Although there is no cure for systemic sclerosis, there are treatments that can help alleviate symptoms and slow down the progression of the condition.

This article aims to provide an overview of the causes, symptoms, and complications of systemic sclerosis.

What Causes Systematic Sclerosis?

The exact cause of systemic sclerosis is unclear, but it is believed to be an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks healthy tissue by mistakenly identifying it as a foreign substance.

This leads to inflammation, tissue damage, and the buildup of scar tissue in affected organs and tissues.

Research suggests that genetics, environmental triggers, and infections may all play a role in the development of systemic sclerosis.

Women are more likely to develop the condition than men, and it often affects people between the ages of 30 and 50 years.

Symptoms of Systematic Sclerosis

The symptoms of systemic sclerosis can vary depending on the type and severity of the condition. The most common signs and symptoms of systemic sclerosis include:.

1. Skin Changes

Systemic sclerosis can cause skin to appear hard, thickened, and shiny. It may also cause red or purple patches on the skin. The skin can become stiff and difficult to move, especially in the fingers, toes, and face.

2. Raynaud’s Phenomenon

Raynaud’s phenomenon is a condition that causes the fingers and toes to become numb and cold in response to cold temperatures or stress. It is often the first sign of systemic sclerosis.

Related Article The Rise of Systematic Sclerosis: Diagnosis, Treatment and Side effects

3. Gastrointestinal Problems

Systemic sclerosis can cause problems with the digestive system, including difficulty swallowing, acid reflux, bloating, and constipation.

4. Respiratory Problems

Systemic sclerosis can also lead to respiratory problems such as shortness of breath, a dry cough, and scarring of the lungs.

5. Joint Pain and Stiffness

Systemic sclerosis can cause joint pain and stiffness, especially in the fingers, wrists, and ankles.

Complications of Systematic Sclerosis

Systemic sclerosis can cause a range of complications, including:.

1. Skin Ulcers

Systemic sclerosis can cause skin ulcers to develop, especially in parts of the body that are frequently exposed to pressure or trauma.

2. Interstitial Lung Disease

Scarring of the lungs, known as interstitial lung disease, is a common complication of systemic sclerosis. It can cause difficulty breathing and may lead to respiratory failure in severe cases.

3. Pulmonary Hypertension

Pulmonary hypertension, or high blood pressure in the lungs, can also develop as a complication of systemic sclerosis, making it difficult for the heart to pump blood efficiently.

4. Kidney Damage

Systemic sclerosis can cause damage to the kidneys, leading to kidney failure in severe cases.

5. Heart Problems

Systemic sclerosis can cause heart problems, including an irregular heartbeat and heart failure. It can also lead to inflammation of the lining around the heart.

Conclusion

Systemic sclerosis is a complex autoimmune disorder that affects multiple organ systems. Early diagnosis and treatment of the condition can help reduce symptoms and slow the progression of the disease.

If you are experiencing any of the signs or symptoms of systemic sclerosis, speak with your healthcare provider for a full evaluation to determine the best course of treatment for your condition.