A kidney infection, also known as pyelonephritis, is a bacterial infection that affects the kidneys. It can be a serious condition if left untreated, so it is important to recognize the signs and symptoms early on.

In this article, we will discuss the common symptoms of a kidney infection, how it is diagnosed, and the available treatment options.

What Causes a Kidney Infection?

A kidney infection is usually caused by bacteria from the urinary tract that spreads to the kidneys. This can occur when bacteria enter the urethra and travel up to the bladder, eventually reaching the kidneys.

Women are more prone to kidney infections due to their shorter urethra, which makes it easier for bacteria to reach the urinary tract.

Signs and Symptoms

The symptoms of a kidney infection can vary from mild to severe. It is crucial to pay attention to the following signs:.

1. Pain in the Back or Side

One of the most common symptoms of a kidney infection is pain in the back or side. This pain can be continuous or intermittent and may worsen with movement or deep breathing.

2. Fever and Chills

A kidney infection often causes a high fever (above 100.4°F or 38°C) accompanied by chills. The severity of the fever may vary, but it is important to seek medical attention if your temperature rises significantly.

3. Frequent Urination

Individuals with a kidney infection may experience an increased urge to urinate frequently. However, only small amounts of urine may be passed each time.

4. Painful or Burning Sensation During Urination

A kidney infection can cause pain or a burning sensation when urinating. This symptom is often mistaken for a urinary tract infection (UTI), but it may indicate a more serious condition if accompanied by other symptoms.

5. Blood in Urine

In some cases, a kidney infection can cause blood to appear in the urine. This condition, known as hematuria, should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.

6. Cloudy or Foul-Smelling Urine

Urine with a cloudy appearance or an unusual odor may be a sign of a kidney infection. If you notice any changes in the color or smell of your urine, it is essential to seek medical attention.

7. Nausea and Vomiting

Some individuals with a kidney infection may experience nausea and vomiting. These symptoms can occur due to the infection itself or as a side effect of certain medications.

8. Fatigue and Weakness

A kidney infection can cause fatigue and weakness as the body fights off the infection. If you feel excessively tired, even after getting sufficient rest, it is important to consult a healthcare professional.

9. Persistent Urinary Tract Infections

If you frequently experience urinary tract infections, it may indicate an underlying kidney infection. Recurrent UTIs should be discussed with a healthcare provider to determine the cause and appropriate treatment.

10. Abdominal Pain

In some cases, a kidney infection may cause abdominal pain or discomfort. This pain is typically localized to the lower abdomen and may be accompanied by other symptoms like fever or urinary changes.

Diagnosis and Treatment

If you suspect you have a kidney infection, it is important to see a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis. They will likely perform a physical examination and request urine and blood tests to assess for signs of infection.

Based on the diagnosis, your healthcare provider may prescribe antibiotics to treat the infection. It is crucial to complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed, even if you start feeling better before finishing the medication.

This helps ensure that the infection is fully cleared.

In severe cases or if the infection does not respond to antibiotics, hospitalization may be required for intravenous antibiotics and close monitoring.

Preventing Kidney Infections

While kidney infections cannot always be prevented, there are measures you can take to reduce the risk:.

– Drink plenty of water to flush out bacteria from the urinary tract.

– Urinate frequently and avoid holding in urine for long periods.

– Wipe from front to back after using the toilet to prevent the spread of bacteria.

– Practice safe sex to reduce the risk of sexually transmitted infections.

– Avoid using irritating feminine hygiene products that can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria in the urinary tract.

Conclusion

Kidney infections can cause significant discomfort and may lead to complications if left untreated. By recognizing the symptoms early on and seeking medical attention, you can receive appropriate treatment and prevent further complications.

Follow preventive measures to reduce the risk of kidney infections and maintain overall urinary tract health.