Thyroid cancer is a type of cancer that affects the thyroid gland, which is responsible for producing hormones that regulate metabolism and other bodily functions. While thyroid cancer is rare, it is important to understand the basics of this condition.

Here are 5 key facts about thyroid cancer:.

1. Thyroid Cancer is More Common in Women

Thyroid cancer is two to three times more common in women than in men. It is most commonly diagnosed in women between the ages of 20 and 55.

The reason for this gender disparity is not fully understood, but it may be due to hormonal differences or other factors related to gender.

2. Most Thyroid Nodules Are Not Cancerous

The thyroid gland is prone to developing nodules, which are solid or fluid-filled lumps. While some thyroid nodules are cancerous, the majority are benign. According to the American Thyroid Association, only about 5% of thyroid nodules are cancerous.

If you have a thyroid nodule, your doctor may recommend a biopsy to determine if it is cancerous.

3. Thyroid Cancer Has a High Cure Rate

Thyroid cancer is usually slow-growing and highly treatable. In fact, the 5-year survival rate for thyroid cancer is over 98%.

Treatment for thyroid cancer typically involves surgery to remove the thyroid gland, followed by radioiodine therapy to destroy any remaining cancer cells. In some cases, chemotherapy or radiation therapy may be necessary.

4. Symptoms of Thyroid Cancer Can Be Vague

Thyroid cancer often does not cause any noticeable symptoms in its early stages. As the cancer grows, it may cause symptoms such as a lump in the neck, difficulty swallowing or breathing, hoarseness, or swollen lymph nodes.

However, these symptoms can be vague and may be caused by other conditions as well.

5. There Are Four Types of Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid cancer is classified into four main types: papillary thyroid cancer, follicular thyroid cancer, medullary thyroid cancer, and anaplastic thyroid cancer. Papillary thyroid cancer is the most common type, accounting for about 80% of all cases.

Anaplastic thyroid cancer is the most aggressive type and is less responsive to treatment.