A brain aneurysm is a weakness in a blood vessel wall of the brain that causes a bulge or ballooning.

The bulging blood vessel can rupture, causing bleeding in and around the brain, leading to a life-threatening condition called subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The risk of a brain aneurysm rupture increases with age, high blood pressure, smoking, family history, and certain medical conditions. Identifying the warning signs of a ruptured brain aneurysm can help prevent severe outcomes.

Signs and Symptoms

The symptoms of a brain aneurysm rupture can vary depending on the location and severity of bleeding. Some people may not experience any symptoms, while others may have a sudden and severe headache or other signs such as:.

1. Headache

A severe headache is the most common symptom of a ruptured brain aneurysm. The headache may come on suddenly, like a thunderclap, and be accompanied by a feeling of the worst headache of your life.

The pain may be intense and persistent and localized around the forehead, eye, or neck area. Some people may also experience changes in the pattern of headache, such as sudden onset or increasing frequency, intensity, or duration.

2. Nausea and Vomiting

Sudden nausea and vomiting can occur with a ruptured brain aneurysm due to increased pressure in the brain and irritation of the nerves that control the stomach. The vomiting may be severe and projectile and not relate to the intake of food or drink.

3. Stiff Neck

Meningitis or bleeding in the brain can cause neck stiffness and pain, making it difficult to move the neck. The pain may be accompanied by a feeling of pressure or tightness in the neck, shoulders, or back of the head.

4. Sensitivity to Light

Bleeding in the brain can cause irritation and inflammation of the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord, leading to photophobia or sensitivity to light.

The light may appear too bright or bothersome, and the person may prefer to stay in a dark room.

5. Blurred or Double Vision

Pressure on the nerves that control eye movement can cause vision problems, such as blurry or double vision, or sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes. The person may also have trouble focusing, seeing colors, or seeing in dim light.

6. Seizures

A seizure is an abnormal electrical activity in the brain that can be triggered by bleeding or irritation of the brain tissue. The seizure may cause convulsions, jerking movements, loss of consciousness, or abnormal sensations.

The person may also display confusion, disorientation, or memory loss after the seizure.

7. Loss of Consciousness

In severe cases, a ruptured brain aneurysm can cause loss of consciousness or coma. The person may not respond to stimuli, breathe properly, or show signs of brain function. This is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention.

8. Speech Difficulties

Pressure on the brain can affect the language centers, leading to difficulties in speaking, understanding, or processing language. The person may have slurred speech, difficulty finding words, or speaking incoherently.

Some people may also experience numbness or weakness on one side of the face or body.

9. Confusion and Irritability

Bleeding in the brain can affect the cognitive functions, causing confusion, disorientation, or memory loss. The person may not know where they are, what happened, or who they are.

They may also display irritability, restlessness, or emotional instability.

10. Decreased Level of Consciousness

A brain aneurysm rupture can cause a decrease in the level of consciousness, leading to drowsiness, lethargy, or decreased responsiveness. The person may appear unresponsive, with a loss of eye contact, movement, or verbal communication.

Conclusion

A ruptured brain aneurysm can be a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention. Recognizing the warning signs and seeking prompt treatment can improve the chances of a positive outcome.

If you or someone you know displays any of the above symptoms, call an ambulance or go to the nearest emergency room immediately.