Swollen ankles, commonly referred to as ankle edema, is a condition where there is an accumulation of fluid in the ankle joint resulting in a bloated look. This condition could simply be a result of standing or sitting for an extended period.

Swollen ankles are a common occurrence in pregnant women and elderly adults, but can also be indicative of underlying health problems.

1. Heart Disease

Swollen ankles could be a symptom of an underlying heart disease, and it is advisable to visit a doctor if you notice a sudden onset of ankle swelling.

Heart diseases affect how the heart pumps blood around the body, leading to a buildup of fluids, and swelling around the ankles. The accumulation of fluid puts pressure on the veins in the legs, inhibiting the return flow of blood to the heart and causing swelling in the ankles.

2. Kidney Disease

Kidney disease and kidney failure are often attributed to swollen ankles.

Kidneys help regulate the body’s fluid balance, and when they aren’t functioning correctly, water accumulates leading to bloating in the body, including the ankle joints.

3. Liver Disease

Liver disease can cause swelling in the abdomen, along with swollen ankles, and legs, as the liver plays an important role in regulating fluid levels in the body.

When liver disease is present, the liver can’t clear fluid as it should, leading to bloating of the body’s tissues.

4. Venous Insufficiency

Venous insufficiency, commonly known as Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI), happens when the veins in the legs have difficulty pumping oxygen-depleted blood back to the heart causing valve damage.

This results in blood accumulation in the extremities, including the ankles, leading to swelling. It is critical to seek medical attention if affected by this, as it could lead to other complications.

5. Pregnancy

Pregnancy can cause swollen ankles due to hormonal changes in the body. As the baby grows, there is increased pressure on the pelvic vein leading to bloating in the body’s tissues, including the ankle joint.

It is advisable to monitor your swelling, as significant swelling could indicate other underlying issues.

6. Lymphedema

Lymphedema is a condition where the lymphatic system doesn’t function correctly and fluid gets accumulated in the legs, arms, and other parts of the body, including the ankles, leading to swelling.

7. Infections

Infections of the lymphatic system, veins, or bones, including osteomyelitis, could trigger ankle swelling. Infection leads to lymphatic blockages and swelling of the leg, ankle, and foot.

It is crucial to seek out medical attention if you suspect infection causing swelling in the ankle.

8. Medications

Medications, including prescription drugs, drugs used to treat high blood pressure, steroid drugs, and Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), could cause ankle swelling, leading to a build-up of fluid in the system.

Always check with your medical provider if you suspect that drugs are causing ankle swelling.

9. Blood Clots

Blood clots, otherwise known as Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT), cause blood to accumulate in the veins leading to blockages. The blocked veins prevent blood from flowing freely, leading to swelling in the affected area, including the ankles.

Blood clots are a severe condition that requires quick medical attention.