Ovarian cancer is a relatively uncommon but dangerous disease that can be difficult to detect early and often, leads to a poor prognosis.

It is the fifth leading cause of cancer deaths among women in the United States, according to the American Cancer Society. Because there is no screening test for this type of cancer, early diagnosis largely depends on recognizing its symptoms. Here is what every woman should know about ovarian cancer symptoms:.

What is Ovarian Cancer?

Ovarian cancer is a type of cancer that affects the ovaries, which are the female reproductive organs responsible for producing eggs and female hormones.

In most cases, ovarian cancer begins in the epithelial cells, which are the cells that cover the surface of the ovaries. In some cases, it can also begin in the germ cells, which are responsible for producing eggs, or the stromal cells, which produce hormones.

What are the Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer?

The symptoms of ovarian cancer can be vague and similar to those of other conditions, such as premenstrual syndrome (PMS) or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

However, there are some symptoms that are more specific to ovarian cancer and should be taken seriously:.

1. Abdominal Pain or Bloating

Abdominal pain or bloating is a common symptom of ovarian cancer. It can feel like a pressure or fullness in the abdomen that doesn’t go away. If this symptom persists for more than a few weeks, it is important to see a doctor.

2. Difficulty Eating or Feeling Full Quickly

Ovarian cancer can cause a loss of appetite and a feeling of fullness after eating only a small amount. This symptom is often accompanied by constipation or diarrhea.

3. Pelvic Pain or Discomfort

Pelvic pain or discomfort is another common symptom of ovarian cancer. It can be felt as a dull ache in the pelvis or a sharp pain on one side. This symptom may also be accompanied by a feeling of pressure or heaviness in the pelvis.

4. Increased Urination

Ovarian cancer can cause an increase in the need to urinate, especially at night. This may be accompanied by a feeling of urgency or a burning sensation while urinating.

5. Changes in Menstruation

Changes in menstruation can also be a symptom of ovarian cancer. This may include heavier or lighter periods, irregular periods, or spotting between periods.

6. Fatigue

Ovarian cancer can cause extreme tiredness or fatigue, even after getting enough rest. This is often described as a lack of energy or a feeling of weakness.

7. Back Pain

Ovarian cancer can cause pain in the lower back that is persistent and doesn’t go away. This symptom is often accompanied by abdominal pain or bloating.

8. Unexplained Weight Loss or Gain

Unexplained weight loss or gain can also be a symptom of ovarian cancer. This is often accompanied by changes in appetite and fatigue.

9. Changes in Bowel Habits

Ovarian cancer can cause changes in bowel habits, such as constipation or diarrhea, that are not explained by another condition.

10. Nausea or Vomiting

Ovarian cancer can cause nausea or vomiting that is not related to food poisoning or a stomach virus.

When Should I See a Doctor?

If you have any of the above symptoms for more than two weeks, it is important to see a doctor. While these symptoms may not necessarily indicate ovarian cancer, they could still indicate a serious underlying condition that requires treatment.

Risk Factors for Ovarian Cancer

There are several risk factors that increase a woman’s chances of developing ovarian cancer:.

Age: Ovarian cancer is most common in women over the age of 60.
Family History: Women with a family history of ovarian cancer, breast cancer, or colon cancer have an increased risk of developing ovarian cancer.
Genetics: Women with mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes have an increased risk of developing ovarian cancer.
Reproductive History: Women who have never been pregnant or who had their first child after the age of 35 have an increased risk of developing ovarian cancer.

Conclusion

Ovarian cancer is a serious disease that is often difficult to detect early. However, being aware of the symptoms and risk factors can help women recognize when they need to see a doctor.

If you are experiencing any of the symptoms listed above, it is important to discuss them with your doctor. Early detection is key to a better prognosis and successful treatment of ovarian cancer.