Achilles tendonitis is a common injury that occurs when the Achilles tendon becomes inflamed. This tendon connects the heel bone to the calf muscles, and it helps you walk, jump, and run.

If you have Achilles tendonitis, you will experience pain, swelling, and stiffness in the tendon. This condition is often caused by overuse or a sudden increase in physical activity. It can also be caused by other medical conditions, such as gout, rheumatoid arthritis, or psoriatic arthritis.

Causes of Achilles Tendonitis

Achilles tendonitis is often caused by overuse or a sudden increase in physical activity. This puts extra strain on the tendon, causing it to become inflamed.

In addition to these causes, there are several other factors that can increase your risk of developing Achilles tendonitis:.

Age: As you get older, your tendons become less flexible and more prone to injury.
Gender: Men are more likely than women to develop Achilles tendonitis.
Foot structure: People with flat feet or high arches are more likely to develop Achilles tendonitis.
Tight calf muscles: If your calf muscles are tight, they can put extra strain on your Achilles tendon.
Obesity: Being overweight puts more strain on your tendons and joints.
Medical conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as gout, rheumatoid arthritis, or psoriatic arthritis, can increase your risk of developing Achilles tendonitis.

Symptoms of Achilles Tendonitis

The symptoms of Achilles tendonitis can vary depending on the severity of the injury. Some common symptoms include:.

Pain and stiffness in the Achilles tendon, especially in the morning or after prolonged sitting
Swelling in the back of the leg or near the heel
Tenderness to the touch
A cracking or creaking sound when you move your ankle
Difficulty flexing your foot or standing on your toes

Diagnosis and Treatment of Achilles Tendonitis

If you suspect that you have Achilles tendonitis, you should see a doctor for an accurate diagnosis. Your doctor may ask you about your symptoms and medical history, perform a physical exam, and order imaging tests such as an X-ray, MRI, or ultrasound.

The treatment for Achilles tendonitis depends on the severity of the injury. In most cases, conservative treatments are effective and include:.

Rest: Resting the affected foot can help reduce pain and inflammation. Crutches or a walking boot may be recommended to keep weight off the foot.
Ice: Applying ice to the affected area for 15-20 minutes every few hours can help reduce swelling and pain.
Anti-inflammatory medication: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, can help relieve pain and reduce inflammation.
Physical therapy: Stretching and strengthening exercises can help improve flexibility and strength in the foot and leg.
Orthotics: Custom orthotics can be used to correct foot structure problems and reduce strain on the Achilles tendon.
Surgery: In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to repair a ruptured or degenerated Achilles tendon.

Prevention of Achilles Tendonitis

There are several steps you can take to reduce your risk of developing Achilles tendonitis:.

Stretching: Regular stretching of the calf muscles can help improve flexibility and reduce strain on the Achilles tendon. Be sure to warm up before stretching.
Proper footwear: Choose shoes that provide good support and fit well. Avoid heels that are too high or too low.
Gradual increase in physical activity: If you are starting a new exercise program, gradually increase your level of activity to allow your body to adjust.
Weight management: Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce strain on your joints and tendons.

Conclusion

Achilles tendonitis is a common injury that can be caused by overuse or other factors. The symptoms can be painful and debilitating, but with proper treatment and prevention strategies, most people can recover fully.

If you are experiencing symptoms of Achilles tendonitis, see a doctor for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan.