Scheuermann’s disease is a condition that affects the spine, particularly during growth spurts in children and adolescents. It is characterized by abnormal curvature of the upper back, causing the spine to appear hunched or rounded.

In this article, we will discuss when Scheuermann’s disease typically affects children and delve into its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.

Age of Onset

Scheuermann’s disease most commonly develops in children and adolescents aged 10 to 15 years, during the rapid growth phase. However, it can also occur in younger children or as late as the early twenties.

The exact cause of the disease is unknown, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

Causes and Risk Factors

Although the precise cause of Scheuermann’s disease remains uncertain, several factors have been identified as potential contributors:.

Genetics: There is evidence to suggest that the condition may be inherited, as it often runs in families.
Spinal Growth Plate Abnormalities: Irregularities in the growth plates of the spine may play a role in the development of Scheuermann’s disease.
Imbalance of Muscle Strength: Muscle imbalances, particularly in the back muscles, can contribute to the progression of the disease.
Poor Posture: Slouching or spending long hours in a position that strains the spine may increase the risk of developing Scheuermann’s disease.

Symptoms

The hallmark symptom of Scheuermann’s disease is a rounded upper back, commonly referred to as “roundback” or “humpback.” Other common symptoms include:.

Back pain, which may worsen during physical activity or prolonged periods of standing or sitting
Stiffness and limited range of motion in the spine
Fatigue and muscle weakness in the back

Diagnosis

If Scheuermann’s disease is suspected, a thorough medical examination will be conducted. The diagnosis typically involves:.

Medical History: The doctor will ask about the child’s symptoms and any family history of spine-related issues.
Physical Examination: The doctor will assess the child’s posture and range of motion and may request the child to bend forward to evaluate the spine’s curvature.
X-rays: X-ray imaging helps visualize the spine’s curvature and rule out other possible causes of the symptoms.

Severity and Classification

Scheuermann’s disease is classified into different severity levels based on the degree of curvature in the spine:.

Mild: Curvature less than 45 degrees
Moderate: Curvature between 45 and 60 degrees
Severe: Curvature greater than 60 degrees

Treatment Options

The treatment approach for Scheuermann’s disease depends on various factors, including the severity of the curvature, the individual’s age, and the presence of symptoms. Treatment options may include:.

Observation: If the curvature is mild and not causing significant symptoms, the doctor may choose to monitor the child’s condition and recommend regular check-ups.
Physical Therapy: Targeted exercises can help improve muscle strength, flexibility, and posture.
Bracing: Wearing a back brace can help slow down the progression of the curvature in some cases, particularly during the growing years.
Surgery: In severe cases where the curvature is significant or causing severe symptoms, surgery may be recommended to correct the spine’s alignment.

Prevention and Lifestyle Management

While Scheuermann’s disease cannot be completely prevented, certain measures can help reduce the risk or manage the condition:.

Practicing Good Posture: Encouraging children to sit and stand in a neutral spine position can help prevent excessive strain on the back.
Regular Exercise: Engaging in activities that promote core strength and flexibility can help support a healthy spine.
Ergonomics: Ensuring proper workstation setup and using ergonomic chairs can improve posture during study or work.
Regular Check-ups: Periodic visits to the doctor can help monitor any changes in spine alignment.

Conclusion

Scheuermann’s disease typically affects children and adolescents during the peak growth years. While it can cause discomfort and affect posture, early detection and appropriate management can significantly improve outcomes.

If you suspect Scheuermann’s disease in your child, consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment plan.