High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is a significant risk factor for heart and kidney diseases, and strokes. Regular monitoring of blood pressure is therefore essential for people living with high blood pressure.

While going to the hospital or clinic for blood pressure check-ups is crucial, it is almost impossible to visit the hospital every day for readings. As a result, home blood pressure monitors have become a popular choice among hypertensive patients. Home monitors are easy to use, and readings can be taken at any time. Despite their convenience, home blood pressure readings may be inaccurate.

This article will highlight the reasons why home blood pressure readings could be inaccurate.

Cuff size and position

Cuff size and position are critical factors that affect the accuracy of home blood pressure monitors. If the cuff is too small or too large, it may produce false readings. It is, therefore, essential to ensure that the cuff fits snugly on your arm.

Additionally, the placement of the cuff is critical. The cuff should be positioned at the level of the heart. Failure to position the cuff at the heart level will result in inaccurate readings.

Movement during measurement

Any movement during blood pressure measurement can lead to inaccurate readings. The human body’s position affects the level of blood pressure. Therefore, ensuring that you are seated in a relaxed position is crucial.

You should not talk or move during observation. Additionally, if the cuff is not secured correctly, it may lead to inaccurate readings.

Caffeine and smoking

Caffeine and Smoking are among the factors that can cause a spike in blood pressure. Taking caffeine or smoking within 30 minutes before measuring blood pressure may lead to false readings.

It is, therefore, recommended to avoid smoking or taking caffeine before taking your home blood pressure measurement.

White-coat hypertension

White-coat hypertension is a medical condition that affects some hypertensive patients. This condition is characterized by elevated blood pressure levels when a patient visits the hospital or clinic.

Patients with white-coat hypertension may experience normal blood pressure levels when they are at home. It is, therefore, crucial to monitor blood pressure regularly and at different times of the day. Regular monitoring helps to differentiate between white-coat hypertension and high blood pressure.

Device accuracy and calibration

The accuracy of home blood pressure monitors varies. Some devices may produce accurate readings, while others may be less accurate. It is essential to buy blood pressure monitors that have been clinically validated.

Clinically validated devices have been tested and proven to produce accurate readings. Additionally, home blood pressure monitors should be calibrated regularly. Not calibrating the device regularly may lead to inaccurate readings.

Arm and body position

The position of the arm and the body also plays a crucial role in maintaining accurate blood pressure reading. A sitting or lying position is ideal, and the arm should be supported at heart level.

The position of the arm should remain constant throughout the measurement process. Moving the arm or the body during measurement may result in inaccurate readings.

Lack of rest and emotional stability

The environment and timing of blood pressure measurement play a part in producing accurate readings. It’s essential to avoid taking readings immediately after exercise, eating, or other activities that may spike blood pressure levels.

Additionally, stress or strong emotions can affect blood pressure levels in some people. It is recommended to measure blood pressure when you are relaxed and calm.

Age

Blood pressure tends to increase with age. Some home blood pressure monitors may not be suitable for older adults. It is, therefore, essential to choose home blood pressure monitors that are explicitly designed for older adults.

Additionally, some older adults may need a health professional’s assistance when taking blood pressure readings.

User error

User error is one of the most common causes of inaccurate home blood pressure readings. Failure to follow instructions, using the wrong cuff size, and mechanical defects are just a few examples of user errors that can affect readings.

It is crucial to read the instruction manual that comes with the device before using it. Additionally, if you experience difficulties using the device, you should seek assistance from a qualified healthcare professional.

Conclusion

Home blood pressure monitors have gained popularity among hypertensive patients. These devices are easy to use, and readings can be taken at any time. However, home blood pressure readings may be inaccurate due to several factors.

Cuff size and position, movement during measurement, caffeine and smoking, white-coat hypertension, device accuracy and calibration, arm and body position, lack of rest and emotional stability, age, and user error are among the factors that may produce false readings. If you use a home blood pressure monitor, it’s essential to ensure that you follow the manufacturer’s instructions.

Additionally, regular calibration, professional guidance, and constant monitoring could reduce the chances of inaccurate readings.