Vitamin B12 is one of the essential vitamins required for our body. It is responsible for maintaining proper health of the nervous system, proper functioning of the brain, and in the production of red blood cells among other crucial functions.

The human body cannot produce vitamin B12 itself, so we are dependent on animal-based food sources or supplements for our daily requirement. A deficiency in vitamin B12 intake can lead to a host of health issues including mental health problems. In this article, we will discuss the significant effects of vitamin B12 deficiency on mental health.

Vitamin B12 & Mental Health:

Vitamin B12 plays a critical role in the functioning of the brain and the nervous system. It helps in the formation of myelin sheath which is vital for the proper functioning of the nervous system.

A deficiency in vitamin B12 intake can lead to myelin degeneration which can further cause various neurological and mental health problems.

Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Depression:

The relationship between vitamin B12 deficiency and depression is well established. Studies have shown that people with a deficiency in vitamin B12 have a higher risk of developing depression and anxiety than those with sufficient levels.

Lack of vitamin B12 can cause a chemical imbalance in the brain which is responsible for mood regulation. Deficiency in vitamin B12 can also lead to inadequate production of serotonin, a neurotransmitter responsible for feeling happy and content.

Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Dementia:

Studies have also suggested that a deficiency in vitamin B12 can increase the risk of developing dementia in old age. The deficiency can cause damage to the brain cells responsible for memory and cognitive function, leading to dementia.

Vitamin B12 deficiency is also known to cause a decline in cognitive abilities, which can lead to forgetfulness and confusion.

Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Schizophrenia:

Patients with schizophrenia have a higher risk of vitamin B12 deficiency than the general population. The deficiency can worsen the symptoms of schizophrenia.

Studies have shown that patients with schizophrenia are more likely to have decreased levels of vitamin B12, which can lead to worsening of symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions.

Vitamin B12 and Psychosis:

Vitamin B12 deficiency has also been linked to the development of psychosis. Studies have shown that low levels of vitamin B12 are linked to an increased risk of developing psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Vitamin B12 deficiency may lead to an increase in the levels of homocysteine, an amino acid thought to be linked to psychotic symptoms.

Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Cognitive Impairment:

Vitamin B12 is essential for the proper functioning of cognitive abilities such as memory, concentration, and attention span. Deficiency in vitamin B12 can lead to cognitive impairment and decline in cognitive abilities.

Studies have shown that Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause changes in the brain that can cause cognitive decline in older adults.

Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Fatigue:

Fatigue is a common symptom of vitamin B12 deficiency, which can further lead to reduced productivity and decreased quality of life.

Lack of vitamin B12 can lead to the production of abnormal red blood cells, which cannot carry enough oxygen to the body’s tissues, leading to feelings of fatigue and weakness.

Vitamin B12 Deficiency, Anxiety, & Stress:

Vitamin B12 is essential for maintaining a healthy nervous system, which is responsible for the regulation of stress and anxiety.

A deficiency in vitamin B12 can lead to an increase in the secretion of stress hormones such as cortisol and can lead to an increase in anxiety and stress levels.

Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Insomnia:

Insomnia, or difficulty in falling or staying asleep, is a common symptom of vitamin B12 deficiency. Lack of vitamin B12 can lead to changes in the neurotransmitter balance in the brain, which can cause insomnia.

Vitamin B12 deficiency can also lead to an increase in the secretion of melatonin, a hormone responsible for regulating sleep patterns.

Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Bipolar Disorder:

Studies have shown that individuals with bipolar disorder are at an increased risk of suffering from vitamin B12 deficiency. The deficiency can lead to increased severity of bipolar symptoms, including depression, mania, and psychosis.

A study has suggested that patients with bipolar disorder are more likely to experience a worsening of their symptoms when their vitamin B12 levels are low.

Vitamin B12 Deficiency Treatment:

The good news is that vitamin B12 deficiency can be treated with dietary changes and supplements.

If you suspect you have a vitamin B12 deficiency, you should consult your doctor or a nutritionist to determine the appropriate dose of supplementation that you need. Vitamin B12 can be found in animal-based products such as meat, fish, eggs, and dairy products. Vegetarians and vegans can opt for fortified cereals, plant-based milk, and nutritional yeast to meet their daily requirements of vitamin B12.

Conclusion:

Vitamin B12 is an essential vitamin that plays a crucial role in maintaining our overall health, including mental health. Deficiency in vitamin B12 can cause significant neurological and mental health problems.

It is, therefore, essential to ensure that we consume an adequate amount of this vitamin through our diet or supplements. If you suspect that you have a vitamin B12 deficiency, consult your doctor or a nutritionist for guidance.