Suicide is a stubborn issue that has persisted over the years and continues to claim many lives globally. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), close to 800,000 people die every year due to suicide.

It is the second leading cause of death among young people aged between 15 and 29. These numbers are alarming, and it is essential that we all work together to promote mental health and prevent suicide.

Why do people commit suicide?

There is no single cause of suicide, and it is often a result of a combination of several factors. Mental illnesses such as depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia are some of the most significant contributors to suicide risk.

However, suicide can also occur when an individual undergoes serious relationship problems like breakups, divorce, and domestic abuse. Financial difficulties, chronic pain, and severe physical illnesses can also increase suicidal behavior in an individual.

How to recognize suicidal behavior

Suicidal behavior can be challenging to predict since individuals tend to conceal their thoughts and feelings. However, some symptoms are likely to indicate an individual’s suicidal intentions. These include,.

Withdrawal from social activities
Loss of interest in hobbies or routines
Decline in work or school performance
Sudden mood swings
Engaging in risky behavior
Verbal or written threats
Substance abuse

Suicide prevention strategies

The key to suicide prevention is early detection of suicidal behavior. Here are some approaches that can help prevent suicide.

1. Raise suicide awareness

Education is critical in addressing suicide-related issues. The community should promote awareness programs that increase knowledge about suicide, mental health, and its impact on society.

Schools, churches, and workplaces can provide age-appropriate training and mental health services to improve mental well-being and reduce suicide stigma. Online platforms such as social media and websites can provide more information on suicide prevention and mental healthcare resources.

2. Early screening of mental illness

Since mental illness is one of the significant contributors to suicide risk, early screening, diagnosis, and treatment of mental disorders are critical in reducing suicide rates.

Routine well-checks for mental health should be incorporated into primary care to identify early signs of mental illnesses such as depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. Mental health professionals should regularly screen individuals with a family history of mental illness or with a previous history of suicide attempts to prevent recurrence.

3. Promote access to mental health services

Suicide prevention is dependent on access to adequate and appropriate mental health services. Individuals who experience suicidal ideation or have a mental illness should be directed to resources that provide treatment and support services.

Better community resource allocation can help reduce financial and time barriers associated with mental health care.

4. Encourage communication and social connections

Social isolation often leads to depressive symptoms and loneliness, which can trigger suicidal ideation.

Friends and family should encourage open communication and cultivate a supportive environment where individuals experiencing emotional distress can talk about mental health concerns. Telephone hotlines and crisis-response services can also offer confidential support and guidance to individuals experiencing suicidal thoughts or those in urgent need of immediate help.

Other strategies to promote good mental health

Maintaining good mental health is essential in suicide prevention. Here are other strategies that can promote mental well-being.

1. Engage in regular physical exercise

Physical exercise releases endorphins, which are natural mood-boosters. Regular exercise can help reduce stress, anxiety, and depression. Engage in at least 30 minutes of moderate physical activity daily for effective mood regulation.

2. Get enough sleep

Adequate sleep is essential in balancing emotional and psychological health. Failure to get enough sleep can lead to irritability, depression, and anxiety. Aim for at least 7-8 hours of quality sleep each night.

3. Eat a healthy diet

What you eat can have a significant impact on your mood. A diet that is rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can help improve mood regulation.

4. Practice relaxation techniques

Relaxation techniques such as meditation, deep breathing, and yoga can help reduce anxiety and depression. Engage in these activities regularly to boost mental health.

5. Avoid substance abuse

Substance abuse can cause chemical imbalances in the brain, leading to the worsening of symptoms such as depression and anxiety. Avoid drug and alcohol abuse to promote good mental health.

Conclusion

Suicide is a complex issue that requires a concerted effort to address. Promoting mental health awareness, early screening of mental illness, access to mental health services, communication, and social connections are key to suicide prevention.

Taking care of one’s mental health through regular physical exercise, getting enough sleep, eating a healthy diet, engaging in relaxation techniques, and avoiding substance abuse can also help promote good mental health. Everyone can play a role in preventing suicide, and it starts with taking care of our mental well-being.