Allergies are a common issue that affects millions of people worldwide. One of the most common food allergies is peanut allergy.

While raw peanuts are known to cause allergic reactions, recent studies have shown that cooked peanuts are more likely to trigger an allergic reaction in some people.

What are Peanuts?

Peanuts are a legume that originated in South America. They are grown in warm climate regions and are a rich source of protein, healthy fats, and other essential nutrients. Peanuts are not only used for food but also for oil production.

Peanut Allergy – What is it?

A peanut allergy is an abnormal response of the immune system to the proteins found in peanuts.

When someone with a peanut allergy eats peanuts or any food that contains peanuts, their immune system recognizes the peanut proteins as harmful and produces antibodies to fight them. This leads to the release of chemicals such as histamine in the body, which can cause symptoms such as itching, hives, swelling, gastrointestinal problems, or anaphylaxis, a severe and life-threatening reaction.

Why Cooked Peanuts can Trigger Allergies

A study published in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology showed that roasted peanuts contain higher levels of the protein Ara h 1 than raw peanuts.

Ara h 1 is one of the major allergens in peanuts that triggers the immune response in people with peanut allergy.

Cooking methods such as roasting, baking, or frying peanuts can increase the availability of Ara h 1 by breaking down the protein’s structure and making it more accessible to the immune system.

This can lead to stronger and more severe reactions to cooked peanuts than raw ones.

Different Types of Peanut Allergies

P eanut allergies are not all the same. There are different types of peanut allergies that are classified based on the severity of the reaction and the level of sensitivity to peanut proteins.

1. Mild Peanut Allergy

Some people may experience mild symptoms such as itchiness, hives, or a rash after eating peanuts. These symptoms usually go away on their own or can be treated with antihistamines.

2. Moderate Peanut Allergy

Others may experience more severe symptoms such as swelling of the face, lips, or throat, difficulty breathing, and digestive problems such as nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.

These symptoms require immediate medical attention and treatment with epinephrine.

3. Severe Peanut Allergy

A small percentage of people with peanut allergy may experience anaphylaxis, a severe and life-threatening reaction that can lead to low blood pressure, shock, and restricted airways.

Anaphylaxis requires immediate medical attention and treatment with epinephrine. People with a history of severe allergic reactions should always carry an epinephrine auto-injector with them.

How to Prevent Peanut Allergy Reactions

While there is no cure for peanut allergy, it is possible to prevent allergic reactions by avoiding peanuts or foods that contain peanuts. Here are some tips:.

1. Read the Food Labels

Always read the food labels carefully before buying or consuming any product. Look for the ingredients list and check for any peanuts or peanut products.

Remember that peanuts can be found in many packaged foods such as cookies, crackers, cereals, and sauces.

2. Avoid Cross-Contamination

Cross-contamination can occur when peanuts come into contact with other foods or surfaces. Make sure to clean any utensils, chopping boards, or countertops that have been in contact with peanuts before using them for other foods.

Also, avoid cooking or eating peanuts in the same room as someone who has a peanut allergy.

3. Be Prepared for an Emergency

If you have a peanut allergy, always carry your epinephrine auto-injector with you. Make sure to inform your family, friends, and colleagues about your allergy and how to respond in case of an emergency.

Conclusion

Peanut allergy is a common and potentially life-threatening condition that affects many people worldwide.

While raw peanuts are known to cause allergic reactions, recent studies have shown that cooked peanuts, particularly roasted ones, can be more likely to trigger an allergic reaction in some people. To prevent allergic reactions, it is essential to avoid peanuts or foods that contain peanuts and to be prepared for an emergency in case of accidental exposure.