Processed meats are those that have been modified in some way to extend their shelf life. These meats include hot dogs, sausages, bacon, deli meats, and jerky. They are often high in sodium and preservatives, and some may contain added sugars.

In recent years, there has been growing concern about the possible link between eating processed meats and an increased risk of colon cancer.

What is Colon Cancer?

Colon cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, is a type of cancer that begins in the colon (the large intestine) or the rectum.

It is the third most common cancer in both men and women, and it is estimated that there will be over 100,000 new cases of colon cancer diagnosed each year in the United States alone.

What is the Link Between Processed Meats and Colon Cancer?

Several studies have suggested that eating processed meats may increase the risk of colon cancer.

One study published in the journal Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention found that eating just one serving of processed meat per week was associated with a 15% increased risk of colon cancer. Another study published in the International Journal of Cancer found that people who ate the most processed meat had a 28% higher risk of colon cancer than those who ate the least.

There are several factors that may contribute to the link between processed meats and colon cancer. One of the main concerns is the presence of nitrates and nitrites in these meats.

These compounds are commonly used as preservatives to give the meats a longer shelf life. When these compounds are consumed, they can form potentially carcinogenic compounds in the body.

Another concern is the high fat content of many processed meats. Diets high in fat have been linked to an increased risk of colon cancer.

Additionally, processed meats are often cooked at high temperatures, which can lead to the formation of harmful compounds called heterocyclic amines (HCAs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).

Other Factors that Impact Colon Cancer Risk

While the link between eating processed meats and colon cancer is concerning, it is important to note that there are other factors that can also impact a person’s risk of developing this type of cancer. Some of these factors include:.

Age – most cases of colon cancer are diagnosed in people over the age of 50
Family history of colon cancer – people with a first-degree relative (parent, sibling, or child) who has had colon cancer are at an increased risk of developing the disease
Personal history of colon cancer – people who have had colon cancer in the past are at an increased risk of developing the disease again
Smoking – smoking has been linked to an increased risk of colon cancer
Alcohol consumption – heavy drinking has been linked to an increased risk of colon cancer
Inactivity – people who are physically inactive are at an increased risk of colon cancer
Poor diet – a diet high in processed foods, red meat, and saturated fat can increase the risk of colon cancer

How to Reduce Your Risk of Colon Cancer

While there is no surefire way to prevent colon cancer, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk. Some of these steps include:.

Eating a healthy diet – focus on eating a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein sources, and limit your intake of processed foods and red meat
Getting regular exercise – aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate physical activity most days of the week
Maintaining a healthy weight
Not smoking or quitting if you do smoke
Limiting your alcohol intake
Screening for colon cancer – regular screening tests can help detect colon cancer early, when it is most treatable

The Bottom Line

Eating processed meats has been linked to an increased risk of colon cancer. While the link is concerning, it is just one of many factors that can impact a person’s risk of developing this type of cancer.

By making healthy lifestyle choices and getting regular screenings, you can help reduce your risk and increase the chances of detecting colon cancer early, when it is most treatable.