The world of nutrition is constantly evolving as new studies and discoveries are made. Each passing year brings with it new information that can help us lead healthier lives.

2016 was no exception, as there were a number of new nutritional breakthroughs that were unveiled. Here are the top ones from that year.

1. Sugar Consumption is Linked to Cancer Formation

One of the biggest nutritional discoveries of 2016 was that high sugar consumption is linked to the formation of cancer.

Researchers found that cancer cells tend to consume more sugar than normal cells, and that those cells can actually change their metabolism so that they can better use the sugar. By cutting back on sugar consumption, it is possible to reduce the risk of cancer formation.

2. The Importance of Gut Microbiota

Another important nutritional breakthrough was the realization of just how important gut microbiota is to overall health. The bacteria in our guts can have a major impact on our digestion, metabolism, and immune system.

In many ways, the gut has become known as the “second brain” of the body because of the important role it plays.

3. The Dangers of Processed Foods

There was also a lot of research done in 2016 on the dangers of processed foods.

Many such foods contain high levels of sodium, unhealthy fats, and other additives that can contribute to chronic health conditions like obesity, heart disease, and diabetes. Focusing on whole foods that are fresh and natural is an important step in improving overall nutrition.

4. Benefits of Probiotics for Health

There were also a number of studies done in 2016 that focused on the benefits of probiotics for overall health. Probiotics are a type of beneficial bacteria that can be found in certain foods and supplements.

They can improve gut health, help prevent infections, and even reduce the duration of certain illnesses like the common cold.

5. Importance of Sleep for Metabolism

A less well-known nutritional breakthrough of 2016 was the realization of just how important sleep is to overall metabolism. Lack of sleep can disrupt metabolism, leading to weight gain and other health problems.

By prioritizing sleep and making it a priority, it is possible to improve overall nutritional status.

6. Benefits of Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Another important discovery was the role that omega-3 fatty acids can play in overall health. These healthy fats can help reduce inflammation in the body, improve brain function, and even lower the risk of heart disease.

Focusing on getting healthy omega-3 fats through fatty fish like salmon can be an important part of a healthy diet.

7. The Role of Fiber in Overall Health

Research in 2016 also demonstrated the importance of fiber to overall health. Diets that are high in fiber can reduce the risk of chronic diseases like heart disease, stroke, and diabetes, as well as promote overall digestive health.

Foods like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains are all good sources of dietary fiber.

8. Reducing Salt in the Diet

Another important nutritional breakthrough was the focus on reducing salt in the diet. Consuming too much sodium can contribute to high blood pressure and other health problems.

The American Heart Association recommends that individuals consume no more than 2,300 milligrams of sodium per day, and ideally only 1,500 milligrams for optimal heart health.

9. The Role of Vitamin D in Health

Vitamin D was also a focus of research in 2016, with studies demonstrating the importance of this nutrient for overall health. Vitamin D can help reduce the risk of a number of chronic diseases, including heart disease, cancer, and osteoporosis.

It is most commonly found in fatty fish, fortified dairy products, and direct sunlight exposure.

10. Cutting Back on Processed Carbohydrates

Finally, research in 2016 demonstrated the importance of cutting back on processed carbohydrates. Foods like white bread and pasta can have a high glycemic index, meaning they can raise blood sugar levels quickly.

Over time, this can contribute to the development of insulin resistance and other health issues. Switching to high-fiber, whole grain options can be a healthier choice.