If you read food labels regularly, you’ve most likely come across some dietary additives that are labeling by their ‘E’ numbers.

These mysterious codes may seem intimidating, but they serve an important role in helping manufacturers develop food products that are safe to eat, that last longer, and can taste better.

In this article, we will discuss in detail what are ‘E’ numbers, why they are used, and how safe they are to consume.

What are ‘E’ numbers?

‘E’ numbers refer to additive substances that are permitted for use in foods by the European Union. These additives are used for various reasons, such as to add colors, texture, or flavors, or to extend the shelf life of foods.

The letter ‘E’ stands for “Europe”, as these codes are used within the European Union (EU) and certain other countries, including Australia and New Zealand.

These codes are assigned to an additive after it has been thoroughly tested for safety by the EU’s scientific committees on food.

Why are ‘E’ numbers used?

‘E’ numbers are used for various reasons, such as improving the taste and look of foods, extending their shelf life, and to make the food safer to eat.

In some cases, manufacturers may use ‘E’ numbers to replace natural ingredients that are not available in certain seasons or regions – where synthetic alternatives are usually used to save a cost by the food manufacturing companies.

For example, food coloring is one of the main reasons for using E numbers.

Without added colors, many of the foods that we eat would look unappetizing or dull, so manufacturers use ‘E’ numbers to add bright colors that make food more attractive. These codes on the labels of foods help consumers to know what’s inside the product exactly.

Types of ‘E’ numbers

There are over 300 permitted ‘E’ numbers and divided into four categories by depending on their uses. These are:.

Emulsifiers, Stabilizers & Thickeners (E400-499)

These food additives are mainly used to alter the texture of foods. For example, they may be used to thickening soups and sauces, stabilize syrups, or prevent certain foods from separating.

Preservatives (E200-299)

Preservatives are chemical compounds that are used to prevent spoilage in foods. These additives are ubiquitous in many processed and packaged foods and help to extend the shelf life of the product.

Colorings (E100-199)

These are what we mostly refer to when we think of ‘E’ numbers. These additives were added in our daily foods to enhance the look or presentation, and there are a wide variety of synthetic and natural colorings permitted for use in foods.

Flavor Enhancers (E600-699)

These are designed to enhance the taste of food artificially. Flavor enhancers are generally used to add the flavor to foods such as soups, sauces, and snacks.

How safe are ‘E’ numbers?

Many people are concerned about the safety of ‘E’ numbers, as some studies have linked certain additives to allergies or hyperactivity in children.

However, the EU has established strict regulations to ensure the safety of these additives and to protect consumers.

All ‘E’ numbers permitted by the EU are subjected to rigorous safety tests, including tests related to carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, and reproduction toxicity.

These tests are carried out by independent scientific committees who review the evidence and assess the potential risks that these additives pose to the general public.

It’s worth noting that research is still ongoing regarding the long-term effects of consuming ‘E’ numbers.

But for now, it is recommended that you only consume foods that contains moderate or approved amounts of E additives for a healthy lifestyle.

Conclusion

‘E’ numbers are additives used in foods for various reasons – to improve the taste, shelf life, and appearance of products.

The EU established strict regulations to ensure that these additives are safe for consumption, so consumers can be confident when consuming foods containing ‘E’ numbers. In an increasing modern-day diet of processed foods, it’s important to be aware of what we’re eating and understand what’s on the labels, including the significance of ‘E’ numbers about the added substances.