Infidelity has been a persistent issue plaguing relationships from time immemorial. The factors that fuel this behavior are multifaceted and complex.

However, most of these reasons are predictable, such as a lack of emotional connection, boredom, a desire for novelty, or simply the drive to fulfil the physical urges outside the confines of a relationship.

However, recent studies indicate that an unforeseen factor that goes beyond one’s personality, environmental influence, or relationship dynamics is responsible for the rising trend of infidelity – one that originates from firmly rooted physiological and genetic differences.

Being born with infidelity genes

Various research on the genetic roots of human behavior has revealed some linkages between the inclination towards infidelity and specific genes.

Studies seem to suggest that variations in two sets of genes, the dopamine receptor gene DRD4 and the vasopressin receptor gene AVPR1A, significantly correlate with a proclivity towards infidelity, sexual behavior, and sensation seeking behavior in men and women.

DRD4 is responsible for regulating the release of dopamine, a chemical neurotransmitter that motivates individuals to seek pleasures, rewards, and happiness.

Some studies show that individuals with the long variant of DRD4 have a higher inclination towards novelty-seeking behavior and therefore a higher inclination towards infidelity. Likewise, variations in AVPR1A, a gene that affects the regulation, secretion, and response to the hormone vasopressin, have been linked with varied bonding and partner preference among humans.

Evolutionary and physiological reasons

Infidelity is not a modern phenomenon; it has existed for as long as human society has existed. One significant reason behind infidelity lies in the evolutionary need to propagate genes and ensure their survival.

Our biological imperative for survival and reproduction has wired us to seek reward and chemically reinforces behaviors that involve reproduction, pleasure, and novelty. Thus, humans’ natural impulse to seek sexual and emotional diversity can often lead to infidelity.

The hormone oxytocin plays a dominant role in regulating our behaviors surrounding bonding, trust, and fidelity. A reduction in oxytocin leads to an increase in a desire for infidelity, while its releases normalises infidelity behavior.

Societal and environmental factors

Environmental and societal factors also play a significant role in shaping the behavior of individuals towards infidelity.

A study conducted across 48 countries revealed that nations with relatively lower socio-economic development, lower gender equality, and relatively tolerant attitudes towards infidelity are linked to higher levels of infidelity among men and women. Other factors like job stress, unfulfilled expectations, domestic violence, addiction, trauma, and early life experiences can all pave the way for infidelity in a marriage or a relationship.

The way forward

Infidelity continues to be a widespread problem in relationships, creating emotional turbulence, tearing families apart, and leaving behind a trail of sadness and heartbreak.

While there is no one definitive answer to address this issue, understanding the root causes of infidelity helps to empower individuals and couples to take preventative measures to safeguard against the effects of infidelity. Awareness of genetic predispositions towards infidelity can help individuals seek medical/behavioural therapies that may mitigate their inclination towards Infidelity.

At a relationship and societal level, open dialogue and understanding, improved gender equality, and a more trusting and understanding approach towards one’s partners can go a long way towards preventing infidelity.

Counseling sessions, family therapy, couples therapy, and support groups provide well established and effective means to assist individuals and couples to navigate this challenge in their relationships and emerge stronger.