Liver cancer is one of the most common types of cancer, and unfortunately, the rates of liver cancer in middle-aged adults and seniors are increasing.

It is important to understand the causes, risk factors, and symptoms of liver cancer to prevent and treat this disease.

What is Liver Cancer?

Liver cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the liver. It can be a primary liver cancer, which means it starts in the liver, or a secondary liver cancer, which means it spreads to the liver from another part of the body.

The most common type of primary liver cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which accounts for about 75% of all primary liver cancers.

Causes and Risk Factors of Liver Cancer

There are several causes and risk factors of liver cancer, including:.

Hepatitis B and C

Chronic hepatitis B and C infections are the leading cause of liver cancer worldwide. These viruses attack the liver cells and can cause inflammation and scarring of the liver, which can eventually lead to liver cancer.

Alcohol Consumption

Drinking too much alcohol for a long period of time can damage the liver and increase the risk of liver cancer.

Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are also risk factors for liver cancer. These conditions can cause fatty liver disease, which can ultimately lead to liver cancer.

Cirrhosis

Cirrhosis is a condition in which the liver becomes scarred and damaged over time. This condition can be caused by chronic hepatitis B and C infections, alcohol consumption, and other factors.

People with cirrhosis have a higher risk of liver cancer than those without cirrhosis.

Aflatoxin Exposure

Aflatoxins are toxins produced by a fungus that grows on certain crops, such as peanuts and corn. Exposure to aflatoxins can increase the risk of liver cancer.

Symptoms of Liver Cancer

Early stages of liver cancer may not cause any symptoms. As the cancer grows, the following symptoms may occur:.

Abdominal Pain

Pain or discomfort in the upper right side of the abdomen.

Jaundice

A yellowing of the skin and eyes, which is caused by a buildup of bilirubin in the blood.

Unexplained Weight Loss

Weight loss without a change in diet or exercise habits.

Fatigue

A feeling of tiredness or weakness that does not go away with rest.

Loss of Appetite

A loss of appetite or feeling full after only a small meal.

Prevention and Treatment of Liver Cancer

Prevention and early detection are key to treating liver cancer. Here are some ways to prevent and treat liver cancer:.

Hepatitis B and C Vaccines

The hepatitis B and C vaccines can prevent these infections, which are the leading cause of liver cancer.

Healthy Lifestyle Choices

Healthy lifestyle choices, such as maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, and avoiding excessive alcohol consumption can reduce the risk of liver cancer.