Winter can be a time of great joy, with holidays, snowfall, and hot cocoa. Unfortunately, it can also bring some unwelcome visitors, such as colds, flu, and other viruses.

While there’s no guaranteed way to completely avoid getting sick, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk. Here are some tips to help you stay healthy and happy during the winter months.

Wash Your Hands Frequently

Hand washing is one of the easiest and most effective ways to prevent the spread of germs. Make sure to scrub your hands with soap and warm water for at least 20 seconds, and dry them thoroughly.

This is especially important after using the bathroom, touching your face, or being in a public place. Keep hand sanitizer with you for times when you can’t get to a sink.

Cover Your Mouth and Nose

When you cough or sneeze, you release tiny droplets that can infect others with germs. Be sure to cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or the crook of your elbow. Throw away used tissues immediately, and wash your hands afterward.

Stay Hydrated

Drinking enough water is essential for overall health, including keeping your immune system functioning. Aim to drink at least eight glasses of water per day, and more if you’re sweating or feeling thirsty.

Hot tea with lemon and honey can also provide soothing relief for cold symptoms.

Eat a Healthy Diet

Foods that are high in vitamins and antioxidants can help boost your immune system and protect against illnesses. Include plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins in your meals.

Avoid processed foods, sugary beverages, and excessive alcohol and caffeine.

Get Enough Sleep

Getting adequate rest is another key factor in staying healthy. Aim for at least seven hours of sleep per night, and try to establish a regular sleep schedule.

If you’re having trouble sleeping, try relaxation techniques such as meditation, deep breathing, or a warm bath before bedtime.

Stay Active

Regular exercise can also help strengthen your immune system and lower your risk of getting sick. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate activity per day, such as brisk walking, cycling, or yoga.

If outdoor workouts are too cold for you, try exercising indoors, such as at a gym or by following an instructional video.

Avoid Close Contact with Sick People

If someone around you is sick, try to avoid being in close contact with them. Stay home if you’re feeling unwell, and avoid going to work or school if you have a fever or other contagious symptoms.

If you do need to be around someone who is sick, wear a mask and practice good hand hygiene.

Keep Your Home and Workspace Clean

Regular cleaning and disinfecting of surfaces can help prevent the spread of germs. Be sure to clean frequently touched objects and surfaces, such as doorknobs, light switches, and keyboards.

Use a disinfectant spray or wipe, and let it sit for a few minutes before wiping clean.

Consider Getting a Flu Shot

While it’s not a guaranteed protection against getting the flu, a flu shot can help reduce your chances of getting sick. They’re especially recommended for people with weakened immune systems, children, and the elderly.

Speak to your doctor to determine if a flu shot is right for you.

Manage Your Stress

Stress can weaken your immune system and make you more susceptible to illness. Find ways to manage your stress, such as with exercise, meditation, or talking to a trusted friend or therapist.

Make sure to take time for yourself, and avoid overcommitting to social or work obligations.