Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD), also known as acid reflux, occurs when stomach acid flows back up into the esophagus and irritates the lining. This can cause a range of symptoms, including heartburn, chest pain, regurgitation, and difficulty swallowing.

While GERD can be a chronic condition, there are practical solutions that can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

Lifestyle changes

One of the first steps in managing GERD is to make lifestyle adjustments that minimize symptoms. Here are some tips:.

Eat smaller, more frequent meals instead of larger meals
Avoid eating within two hours of bedtime
Elevate the head of the bed by 6-8 inches
Avoid tight-fitting clothing that puts pressure on the abdomen
Quit smoking and avoid secondhand smoke
Exercise regularly, but avoid vigorous activity immediately after meals

Diet modifications

Certain foods and beverages can worsen GERD symptoms by increasing stomach acid production or relaxing the lower esophageal sphincter, which allows stomach acid to flow back up into the esophagus.

Here are some dietary changes that may help reduce GERD symptoms:.

Avoid acidic foods and drinks, such as citrus fruits, tomatoes, and coffee
Avoid spicy foods
Limit or avoid alcohol, carbonated beverages, and chocolate
Choose lean proteins and low-fat dairy products
Eat more whole grains, fruits, and vegetables
Chew gum after meals, which can help increase saliva production and neutralize stomach acid

Medication options

If lifestyle and dietary changes aren’t enough to manage GERD symptoms, there are several types of medications that can help:.

Antacids: These over-the-counter medications neutralize stomach acid and can provide fast relief.
H2 blockers: These medications reduce the production of stomach acid and can provide relief for up to 12 hours.
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs): These prescription medications block the production of stomach acid and can provide relief for up to 24 hours.
Prokinetics: These medications help the stomach empty more quickly, reducing the amount of acid that can flow back up into the esophagus.

Symptom relief

While making lifestyle changes, modifying your diet, and taking medication can help manage GERD symptoms, there are also some practical tips for immediate relief:.

Sip water or milk
Chew gum or suck on hard candy to increase saliva production
Avoid lying down or bending over for at least two hours after eating
Avoid wearing tight clothing
Try relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing or meditation

Conclusion

Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) can be a challenging condition, but there are practical solutions that can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

By making lifestyle changes, modifying your diet, taking medication, and using symptom relief techniques, it’s possible to keep GERD under control.