Colon cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. It affects both men and women, with a lifetime risk of developing the disease being about 1 in 23 for men and 1 in 25 for women.

While there is no surefire way to prevent colon cancer, there are certain steps you can take to reduce your risk. Here are the top 6 ways to do so:.

1. Get Screened Regularly

Regular screenings are one of the best ways to reduce your risk of colon cancer. Screening tests can help identify precancerous polyps, which can be removed before they turn into cancer.

The American Cancer Society recommends that people at average risk of colon cancer start getting screened at age 45, while those with a family history of the disease or other risk factors may need to start screening earlier. Some common types of screening tests include:.

Colonoscopy: This is considered the gold standard of colon cancer screening. During the procedure, a doctor uses a long, flexible tube with a camera and light on the end to examine the inside of the colon and rectum. If polyps are found, they can be removed during the procedure.
Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT): This is a type of stool test that checks for the presence of hidden blood in the stool, which can be a sign of colon cancer. FIT tests are non-invasive and can be done at home.
Sigmoidoscopy: This is similar to a colonoscopy, but only examines the lower part of the colon. Polyps can still be removed during the procedure.

2. Maintain a Healthy Weight

Being overweight or obese increases your risk of colon cancer, as well as other types of cancer. In fact, obesity is linked to up to 12% of all colon cancer cases.

To maintain a healthy weight, try to eat a balanced diet that includes plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. You should also limit your intake of processed and red meats, as well as sugary drinks and snacks. Regular exercise can also help you maintain a healthy weight and reduce your risk of colon cancer.

3. Limit Alcohol and Tobacco Use

Drinking alcohol and using tobacco products are both risk factors for colon cancer. The more alcohol you drink, the higher your risk of developing the disease.

If you choose to drink, limit your intake to no more than 1 drink per day for women and no more than 2 drinks per day for men. Tobacco use, including smoking and chewing tobacco, can also increase your risk of colon cancer. If you use tobacco products, talk to your doctor about ways to quit.

4. Get Enough Fiber

Fiber is an important part of a healthy diet, and it may also help reduce your risk of colon cancer. Some studies have found that people who eat a diet high in fiber are less likely to develop colon cancer than those who eat a lower-fiber diet.

Aim to get at least 25-30 grams of fiber per day from sources like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and beans.

5. Take Aspirin (If Appropriate)

Aspirin is a type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that has been shown to help reduce the risk of colon cancer, as well as other types of cancer. However, aspirin is not appropriate for everyone.

Talk to your doctor about whether you should take aspirin to reduce your risk of colon cancer.

6. Know Your Family History

If you have a family history of colon cancer or other types of cancer, you may be at an increased risk of developing the disease yourself.

Talk to your doctor about your family history and whether you should start getting screened for colon cancer earlier or more frequently than recommended for someone with no family history.

By taking these steps, you can help reduce your risk of colon cancer and stay healthy for years to come.