Menopause is a natural biological process that marks the end of a woman’s reproductive life. A woman is considered to have reached menopause when she hasn’t had her menstrual period for 12 consecutive months.
However, the process leading up to that point, called perimenopause, can last for several years and comes with a range of symptoms, both physical and emotional. Here are some signs of approaching menopause:.
1. Irregular Periods
One of the most notable signs that accompany perimenopause is irregular periods. Changes in menstrual periods, such as length, severity, and frequency, are the most common symptoms of perimenopause.
The menstrual cycle may be longer or shorter, and the periods may be heavier or lighter than normal. Sometimes, the period may appear early or late, hence making it difficult to predict.
2. Hot Flashes and Night Sweats
Hot flashes and night sweats are also prevalent in perimenopause. It is a sudden feeling of warmth or heat, usually around the face, neck, and chest. Night sweats refer to hot flashes that occur at night when a woman is sleeping.
It can cause sleep disturbances and affect overall well-being.
3. Vaginal Dryness and Low Libido
Vaginal dryness occurs when the tissues of the vaginal wall become less elastic, thinner, and dryer. This condition makes intercourse painful and often leads to a decrease in sexual desire for women.
It can occur at any age but is more prevalent during perimenopause.
4. Mood Swings and Depression
Changes in hormone levels can cause mood swings, making some women feel irritable, anxious, or mildly depressed. These symptoms tend to occur more commonly in women who had premenstrual syndrome (PMS) or depression in the past.
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5. Insomnia and Fatigue
Insomnia, or difficulty sleeping, is another symptom of perimenopause. The loss of sleep due to hot flashes and night sweats is a primary contributor to insomnia.
Fatigue, which is a persistent feeling of tiredness, is another symptom that accompanies insomnia. It can impact a woman’s quality of life and make completing everyday tasks challenging.
6. Urinary Incontinence
Urinary incontinence, or the loss of bladder control, is another possible symptom during perimenopause. Declining hormone levels can cause the weakening of the pelvic floor muscles, leading to loss of bladder control.
7. Changes in Skin and Hair
The decreased production of estrogen can lead to dry, thin skin, and brittle nails. Similarly, lower levels of estrogen can cause hair loss and thinning of hair.
8. Breast Pain
Soreness or tenderness of the breast occurs because hormonal changes may cause the breast tissue to become more sensitive. It is a common symptom that can last for a few days and often fades away on its own.
9. Changes in Body Shape
The hormonal changes can also cause body fat to shift to the abdomen, resulting in weight gain and a different body shape. It can be difficult to lose weight during this time even when exercise regimens or diet plans are in place.
10. Bone Density Changes
As perimenopause progresses, bone density decreases, leading to an increased risk of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a condition that causes bones to become brittle and weak, making them more susceptible to fractures.
Perimenopause is a natural and essential stage of life. It is not a disease that needs to be cured, but it can cause distressing symptoms that can be managed when women seek help.
Knowing the signs and symptoms of approaching menopause can help women prepare for the changes in their bodies and ensure that they receive the necessary care.
